Rfid Case Study

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

RFID technology has under gone a speedy growth since decades ago. RFID technology is well known and extensively applied in many home and industry appliances such as for logistic distribution, manufacturing process, security and monitor purposes [1]. Hague, M. (1999). In Malaysia, RFID technology is applied in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for a safer, successful, well-organized, reliable, and environmentally friendly system [2]. Masliyana, A. (2008). Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is one of the ITS application. The users do not need to line up and waiting to pay their toll fee when they used “Touch N Go” system. ETC is developed by the Malaysia Government to decrease traffic congestion at toll

It can be apply for the monitoring system for the railway station such as information of train location, passengers, cross-road detection and automatic speed control. It also used to ensure automatic inspection of driving information by tracking the trains and enforce speed control
From these two simple examples, there are differences between SRRFID and LRRFID technology in term of operating frequencies, distance, and outside power source. Therefore, elementary of RFID technology need to be understood clearly before applying it to the real scenario.

There are several aspects that should be taken into consideration before applying RFID technology. RFID technology uses electromagnetic (EM) propagation for data transmission. EM will propagate across the various space of environment, where's affect the communication between the reader and tags in term of range and performance. So, types of RFID should be clearly understood to ensure the presentation of RFID technology when applied to the real scenario. Types of tag are referred to the existence of.

Table 1.1 Comparisons Of Different Tags [3] Active Passive

The scope of the RFID research fields will be narrowed down for purposed of developing Radio Frequency (RF) front-end reader antenna. But, there are some constraints in term of facilities to design, develop and measure the proposed antenna.
The antenna will be designed at UHF and ISM band for RFID reader. Since antenna is designed below any design antenna size becomes bulky and huge. For that reason, the proposed antenna is suitable for fixed-point RFID antenna application. The proposed antenna is designed with any directional radiation pattern where it is applicable for long ranges application.
Proposed antenna design will be simulated using the Computer Simulation Technology in Microwave Studio and all the antenna performance will be discussed in term of return loss, current distribution, radiation pattern, and antenna efficiency. Then antenna will be fabricated and comparison between simulation and measurement will be discussed in term of return loss and normalize radiation pattern only
1.5 Thesis Outline
The thesis are divided into five chapters, thesis will be organized as