I.INTRODUCTION: A. Fractal antenna: Among these fractal types, Koch curve, sierpinsky gasket, carpet has variety of applications of operating in multiband .it has a wide application in the design of miniaturized wire antenna due to its unique self-similarity nature . to make a compact antenna with more conductivity can be achieved using this fractal structure. Under the expanding need of size reduction in Antenna design with low profile, fractal theory can help provide a great number of solutions for miniaturized antenna B. Fractal with slot structure: Fractal along with slot can help in improving return loss value which helps the antenna to operate in perfect matching condition. This selective adding of slot along the fractal length can improves
Biometric surveillance: Any technology that measures and analyzes human physical and/or behavioral characteristics for authentication, identification, or screening purposes. Some examples of physical characteristics include fingerprints, DNA, and facial patterns. iv. RFID and geolocation devices: RFID tagging is the use of very small electronic devices called ‘RFID tags’. These tags are connected to a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves.
Ballistics threats categorization……………………………………………………….9 3.1Ballistic impact on a soft armor system.......................................................…...10 3.2Ballistic impact on hard armor system……………………………………………..10 4. Conclusion and suggestions for future works……………………………………...11 5.Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….13 1. Introduction: To evaluate properties of materials for specific applications it is necessary to do experimental tests that satisfy the situation for best possible use of material for specific applications. In Oder to test these experiments we need special tools for special application. Our work aims to show different possibilities for impact testing of different material, numerically analyze and to evaluate the impact of test to ballistic threat experiments.
It covers on the types of electromagnetic radiation and its properties, and the various biomedical applications of electromagnetic radiation. The essay will also cover the disadvantages of using electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic spectrum consists of the wide range of electromagnetic radiation. The spectrum can be divided by wavelength into the various frequencies – radio, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays. Radio waves have frequencies of 30 kHz to 3GHz.
RF MODULE will act as physical layer which consist of raw bits. These raw bits are transferred by the UART to the microcontroller.UART works as a data link layer which provide error checking regulates the data flow and provide a well defines interface between the
Abstract—Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) has led to a drastic development in the field of sensors. This paper presents a new design of a electrostatic comb drive with different parameters. The analysis of MEMS electrostatic comb drive is done with different structures. An increased displacement of lateral comb drive actuator will subsequently be accomplished with the same actuation voltage. COMSOL Multyphysics 4.4 is used for designing the comb drive.
(i) Transmitter power and antenna size (ii) Receiver noise (iii) Atmospheric conditions. (Assessment Criteria 4.2) Performance of a radar system can be affected by some major factors like Transmitter power, antenna size, receiver noise and atmospheric conditions. These factors can be affected directly on the overall performance of the radar system of aircraft. Transmitter power and antenna size The range of a radar system depends on the large part on the average power of its transmitter and physical size of the antenna. The more transmitted power, more power of range There are some practical limits to each noted before and some radar systems have average power of roughly one megawatt.
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY The building blocks are 1) Echo generator 2) Difference amplifier 3) Phase shifter 4) Sound processor UPC 1892 A) Echo Generator The input signal of echo generator is acquired from the microphone. The echo generator block generates echo by means of Phase shifters in the given input signal along with delay B) Phase Shifter A phase shifter is microwave network which provides a controllable phase shift of input signal. It provides invariable phase shift with frequency. Phase shifters of angle 90,180,270 and 360 . C) DIFFERENCE AMPLIFIER The difference amplifier with LM3 amplifies the difference between two voltages making this type of operational amplifier circuit , a subtractor.
To fully understand the technical terms and relevant topics related to the project, a literature review was done. In this section, a brief summary of it is presented. Antenna Basics Polarization The polarization of an antenna is described by the time-varying direction of an electromagnetic wave and the relative magnitude of the vector of the electric field. There are three kinds of polarization: linear polarization, circular polarization and elliptical polarization. Linear polarized electric field can possess both horizontal and vertical orientation.
Why we need transformer in power system? We need transformers in power system because of several reasons one most important reason is that electricity is generated at low voltages and in receiving end we also need low voltages but due to the high cost of transmitting low voltages and high currents we use step up transformers to step up the low voltage into high voltages and low currents which will also reduced the I2R losses during transmission of electricity and at receiving side this high voltage is step down to low voltage by using step down transformer. 6.1.2. Why calculation of transformer sizing is necessary in power system? Transformer sizing is necessary so that the selected transformer is capable of supplying the power needed by the load, able to bear the short circuit current and the inrush current without being damaged.