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Rice Husk

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In this chapter, experimental results are illustrated, discussed and compared with pertinent results and information available in literature.. The results will cover the characterization of raw material rice husk (RH), the preparation of nano activated carbon (NAC) and its characterization and the application of NAC in removal of dyes from synthetic solutions at different operating parameters affecting the equilibrium isotherms and kinetics of adsorption process. 4.1. Characterization of Rice Husk 4.1.1. Elemental Analysis of Rice Husk The elemental analysis of the RH was carried out by using the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The major elements in the RH were carbon(C), oxygen (O), silica (Si) and potassium (k) as shown in Figure …show more content…

When compared between Egyptian RH and some agricultural wastes (corn cobs, banana empty fruit and coconut shell which presented in table 2.2, it is remarkable that RH is characterized by high percentage of carbon (47.9%) than corn cobs (≈45%) and banana empty fruit (41.8%) and it is slightly less than coconut shell (49.6%). 4.1.2. Chemical Analysis of Rice Husk (XRF) The chemical composition of the Egyptian RH is illustrated in table 4.1., where RH consists of 13.3% silica and the rest 86% are (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and mineral components). This composition is less than the published data in the survey. Table 4.1: The chemical composition of the RH 4.1.3. Thermal Analysis of Rice …show more content…

The studied factors were the carbonization time, RH particle size, temperature of carbonization, solid: liquid ratio and H3PO4 concentration. 4.2.1. Effect of Carbonization Time on NAC preparation The effect of carbonization time was studied at 16 hours and 2 hours (Exp.1 and Exp. 2). In the first experiment the muffle furnace was used without using N2 as an inert gas for carbonization time of 16 hour. In this experiment the carbonization process consumes much energy and time, fore that a tube furnace with N2 as an inert gas was preferred for carbonization of RH according to published data as in survey. The investigated operating parameters of the two experiments were 355 micron size of RH, 50% H3PO4 concentration and 1:3 solid to liquid ratio and 400 oC carbonization temperature. Table 4.3 represents the physical properties of the resulted carbonized RH for both experiments which covered surface area, moisture content %, ash content %, yield%, pore volume, and

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