Risk Management In Disease Informatics
ROLE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE INFORMATION SYSTEM AND RISK ASSESSMENT IN CONTROL OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVES
KP Suresh*, D. Hemadri, SS Patil, GS Desai, GB Manjunathareddy and H Rahman
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru.
Disease Informatics
Disease Informatics is defined as the application of Information Science in dealing with the diseases with least error, identifying a number of targets to combat a group of diseases and designing a coherent solution to the problem. Scientists, farmers, Clinical researchers, Epidemiologists and Public Health personnel contribute to the field of Disease Informatics and in turn benefit from it. At present infectious disease information systems
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Models such as Periodic regression, Logistic regression, Log-linear models, count models and Structural equation models are used to assess the significance of the risk factors for disease incidence or an outbreak.
Geographical Information System (GIS) and Spatial Analysis
A geographical information system (GIS) is a computerized system that deals with the combination of descriptive and spatial data for mapping and analysis. It can be used to map the available disease information and relate it to the known factors that influence the distribution of these infectious diseases, such as climate and other environmental factors.
Hotspot Analysis is a detection method of the spatial clusters which distinguishes the statistically significant spatial concentrations of the high and low values associated with a set of geographic features
Risk
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Steps involved in Risk Assessment can be grouped under the following categories: Hazard identification, Risk assessment, Risk management & Risk communication.
Sampling techniques and sampling frame in livestock disease control
Sampling can be defined as the process of selection of samples with appropriate size and characteristics. A sampling unit is the basic unit around which a sampling procedure is planned. A sampling frame is the list of all sampling units from a population.
Population sampling in epidemiology can be done using various methods. The most commonly preferred techniques are: Random sampling, Systemic sampling, Multi-stage sampling, and Purposive sampling.
The general equation for sample size estimation can be given
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