River Geography In Bangladesh
Bangladesh is one of the largest floodplain and delta areas in the world. The low topography and high annual rainfall with high concentration in the five monsoon months result in the annual inundation of about one-third of land in Bangladesh. In a normal year, one-tenth of the total land surface is severely hit by floods (Zaman 1998). Land is very limited in Bangladesh, and the pressure of population on it is constantly on the increase.
In Bangladesh more than 600,000 (6 to 7% of the population) people live in char areas (Sarker et al., 2003). Two principal resources of Bangladesh are its land and people. The majority of the population is wholly dependent upon small land holdings (less than 0.8 hectares). It is estimated that more than half
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Riverbank erosion has become a common phenomenon along with the major and minor rivers in Bangladesh mainly due to deltaic topography and it has been forcing people to migrate or resettle in areas which are more vulnerable (i.e. mid-channel islands or chars). Such displacement exacerbates the socioeconomic condition. Fluvial dynamics and hydro-morphological characteristics of char-lands are quite different from bank line and other floodplain areas in Bangladesh. The severity of damage, risk and vulnerability from flood and riverbank erosion hazards are much higher in riverine char-land residents compared to other parts of Bangladesh. Poverty and vulnerability are highly geographically concentrated in the chars than the plain land areas. Nevertheless, no conscious effort was taken in the past aimed at true development of life and livelihood of the char people, who have always remained excluded from the main …show more content…
The intensity with which agriculture can be pursued on a char depends very much on the stage of its development. Rice, the main crop, is cultivated in three seasons in char areas. Char people cultivate vegetables, pulses, wheat, groundnuts, chillies and maize. Farming includes owner cultivation as well as sharecropping. Wage labour is used in various operations. In some chars, fishing, rearing of cattle and trading of miscellaneous commodities is the primary occupation for many households. Thus people of char areas contribute significantly to our national
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