Roger's Theory: The Four Unitary Of Human Being Theory

Concepts
Rogers (1992) identified four fundamental postulates that form the basis of the new reality:
• Energy fields “The fundamental unit of the living and the non-living. Field is a unifying concept. Energy signifies the dynamic nature of the field; a field is in continuous motion and is infinite”
• Openness Refers to qualities exhibited by open systems; human beings and their environment are open systems.
• Pattern “The distinguishing characteristic of an energy field perceived as a single wave”
• Pandimensionality (formerly called both four-dimensionality and multidimensionality) “A nonlinear domain without spatial or temporal attributes” (McEwen & Wills, 2011)
Principles of Homeodynamics, homeostasis—maintaining balance or equilibrium—is

(McEwen & Wills, 2011)

Unitary of human being theory critique
Disadvantages

McEwen & Wills (2007) outline that although Roger 's Theory is simple in elements (5 key definitions, 3 principles of homeodynamics, 6 assumptions), the elements are not clear due to their abstract level. Hence the theory is too abstract and difficult to understand for nurses. Furthermore, states that Roger 's Theory is relatively parsimonious. Recall that parsimony is the complexity of a theory due to the abstract nature of the theory 's elements.

Concepts are "theoretically defined but lack extensive elucidation" and "difficulty in measuring and describing manifestations" (Bramlett, Gueldner, & Boetcherr, 2008)

Tomy and Alligood (2006) state that “Ongoing studies and work within the model have served to simplify and clarify some of the concepts and relations. However, when the model is examined in total perspective, some still classify it as complex”. Hence more work is require: use in practice, research and education needed

Nurses’ roles were not clearly

She said that nurses must use “nursing knowledge in noninvasive ways in a direct effort to promote well-being”(Rogers, 1994a,p.34).This focus gives nurses a central role in health care rather than medical care. She also noted that health services should be community-based, not hospital-based. Hospitals are properly used to provide satellite services in specific instances of illness and trauma; they do not provide health services. (Parker, 2001) The focus of nursing care guided by Rogers’ nursing science is on recognizing manifestations of patterning through pattern manifestation knowing and appreciation, and facilitating the client’s ability to participate knowingly in change, harmonizing person/environment integrality, and promoting healing potentialities and well-being using noninvasive modalities through voluntary mutual patterning. (Parker,