Rostow Theory Of Modernization
W. W. Rostow explained that economic underdevelopment from the view of modernization in linear social evolutionism. The stages, defined by a presumptive end of modernization, are divided into five periods: (1) traditional society, (2) preconditions to take-off, (3) take-off, (4) drive to maturity, and (5) age of high mass consumption. The third stage, "take-off stage," is crucial for it is the exact stage that diffusion of modern technology and maximization of the rate of growth happen. The second stage is the preparation or the take-off stage. By demonstrating the examples of German, Russian, Chinese, and Turkish nationalists, “a reactive nationalist sentiment-rooted in a perception of the link between industrialization and effective power in the world arena -- came to be an extremely important factor.” Rostow explicated. “A definitive political transformation,” as Rostow uses the phrase, nationalism sentiment serves as a catalyst for the take-off stage in Rostow’s theory. From this linear evolutionary model, developed countries are depicted as the “advanced” version of more primitive countries and industrialization is the end of the transformation. Immanuel Wallerstein counterargues against the linear perspective of economic development with a three-tiered system: “core,” “semi-periphery,” and “periphery.” The semi-peripheral states in the global economy serve as cheap factories to manufacture goods, and probably the states are able to
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