Positive displacement Positive-displacement compressors work by forcing air into a chamber whose volume is decreased to compress the air. Once the maximum pressure is reached, a port or valve opens and air is discharged into the outlet system from the compression chamber. Common types of positive displacement compressors are: • Piston-type: air compressors use this principle by pumping air into an air chamber through the use of the constant motion of pistons. They use one-way valves to guide air into a cylinder chamber, where the air is compressed. • Rotary screw compressors: use positive-displacement compression by matching two helical screws that, when turned, guide air into a chamber, whose volume is decreased as the screws turn.
Most obviously, there are no moving parts to go wrong. As the platform rides above the track on a cushion of air, there is no loss of energy to friction or vibration (but because the air-gap is greater in a linear induction motor, more power is required and the efficiency is lower). The lack of an intermediate gearbox to convert rotational motion into straight-line motion saves energy. Both acceleration and braking are achieved through electromagnetism (increment of voltage or manipulation of electromagnetic field), linear induction motors are much quieter than ordinary motors. Linear induction motor are also very responsive since it is not consist of mechanical part.
Mixing quality is also greatly influenced by the speed of the rotors, too fast and the fluid will develop cavities, too slow and the mixing process will be too inefficient. Temperature inside needs to be carefully controlled and the friction between the fluid and blades increases the temperature rapidly thus a cooling system is required, this takes the form of complex geometric paths within the rotors. High tensile steel is generally used. Sides: The sides of the banbury mixer is lined with cooling/heating systems so that heat is evenly transferred to prevent scorching. Dust stops: These are hydraulically operated and prevent batch contamination.
Steam flowing through gaps between the turbine blades is deflected towards following the curve of the turbine blades. The changes in steam velocity raise the force that encourages and then rotate the turbine wheel and shaft. • If the steam still has velocity when it leaves the turbine blades means that only some of the kinetic energy of steam is taken by the turbine blades which are running. More than one line of blade motion is installed to utilize the remaining kinetic energy when steam leaves the turbine blades. • Before entering the second line of blade motion, so between the first row and second row blades motion is mounted one line fixed blade (blade guide) that allows you to change the direction of the steam velocity, so steam can enter the second line of blade motion in the right direction.
These lines of flux are transferred through the small air gap between the field and the rotor. The rotor portion of the clutch becomes magnetized and sets up a magnetic loop, which attracts both the armature and friction disks. The attraction of the armature squeezes the friction disks and transfer the torque from the inner driver to the out disks. The clutch slips until the input and output RPMs are same. The output disks are connected to a gear or pulley via drive cup.
Components/Materials used Air Compressor Plumbing setup consisting of CI pipes of various sizes Convergent nozzle which is interchangeable, profiled and polished brass nozzle Convergent-Divergent nozzle Pressure dial gauges Chock valves Screws, nuts, bolts, washer Teflon tape 4. Methodology Let us consider a convergent divergent nozzle with inlet and outlet section specified in the diagram as 1 and 5 respectively. In the diagram shown below section 2 represent the throat i.e, the maximum mass flow rate, Section 3 and 4 represents the flow conditions before and after the shock respectively. Figure 3 C-D Nozzle 5. Working of Nozzle system The compressed air from the compressor is passed through the inlet of the nozzle where the compressed air converges, then it is passed through the throat where the air compresses because of small cross-sectional area here the pressure decreases, then it is passed through the diverging part of the nozzle where the velocity increases.
These components are stay in a cabin where the payload and crew are carriedout over there. a engine; which is used to takes the power and a transmission; which transmits power from the engine to the main rotor which gives the aerodynamic forces that make the helicopter to fly. The helicopter turns due to torque, there must be some anti torque system acting on the plane. Finally there is the landing gear, wheels, and
In this model the turbine is assumed to be an axial flow turbine and both low and high-pressure turbines are modelled with same equations [11]. But while modelling the engine in Simulink, the turbine is modeled as a single block by stacking the stages of the turbine into a single block. Dynamic behavior of all the individual stages is also stacked into a single block with only the inlet and final exit conditions of the turbine. From the values of the corrected mass flow rate and the turbine efficiency, the actual mass flow rate and the temperature can be calculated from the expressions, Actual mass flow rate, ………..……………………………………………………..……….....(11) Temperature, ………………………………………………………..…. (12) Work of the turbine, ……………………………………………………..………(13) 2.4 Nozzles A convergent nozzle is considered in modeling the engine.
Some brake subsystems are divided front/rear and some are diagonally separated. When you press the brake pedal, a push rod connected to the pedal moves the "primary piston" forward inside the master cylinder. The primary piston activates one of the two subsystems. The hydraulic pressure
A spring disc is inserted in the back of the secondary pulley sheave to provide a continuous clamping force to the belt to reduce the slip during transmission. When CVT is transmitting, the change in gear ratio is required the servomotor will actuate the primary pulley in axial direction to the required value, at the same time the spring mechanism will actuate the secondary pulley to adjust the radius to required value and provide a optimal clamping force to prevent slippage. Thus the modification in CVT reduces the slip and makes it more efficient for