The influence of the Russian Communist Party changed over time, going from high influence at the start of the period after World War II, to the Party being in opposition from 1991. There was a slow decline in influence during the 1960s and 70s, which became a rapid decline in the 1980s. Overall, the role of individuals was the most significant factor, however, war was also an important factor due to it causing individuals to increase or decrease influence of the Russian Communist Party. In the 1990s Yeltsin inadvertently increased the Communist Party’s influence. In 1992 he tried to use shock therapy, the rapid privatization of state enterprises, to improve the economy. The policy created ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ which increased the influence of the Russian Communist Party as the ‘losers’ were attracted to the Communist Party’s promises of land and equality. However, this was only a temporary increase due to Putin’s popularity in the 2000s. During World War II, Stalin disappeared for ten days but then decided to stay in Moscow, even though it seemed as though the Germans would take control of the city. This increased the influence of the Communist Party due to Stalin’s presence and leadership raising the morale of the Soviet soldiers so they were more willing to fight for the Communist Party, suggesting the social influence of the Party had increased. In addition, Khrushchev strengthened the political …show more content…
In 1979, around 100,000 Soviet troops were sent into Afghanistan. However, many had not been trained effectively with only 3 months training. Furthermore, the soldiers were not used to the Guerrilla warfare used by the opposing side and wounded soldiers received minimal care. This meant the social influence of the Communist Party decreased as soldiers didn’t want to fight and the Russian public were angry with the Communist Party for going into what seemed to be a useless war without trained
On December 25th, 1979 Soviet forces invaded Afghanistan in order to bolster a Marxist government under attack by tribal and religious rebellion. Carter recalled the U.S. ambassador from Moscow, instituted a grain embargo against the USSR, and banned American athletes from participating in the summer Olympics in Moscow. But none of these moves had any visible effect on the Soviet intervention. Onto this dreary scene will step a former movie actor who still saw America and the future in bright Technicolor hues (Collins 25-27).
“He was determined to establish a sphere of influence that would safeguard Soviet periphery for all time.” (doc. 12) Stalin’s goal was to promote a great country, and he did. His footprint was left behind, as effects of his work is still shown throughout the previous countries of the
I agree with your assessment that the President Reagan’s policy objectives in Afghanistan were ultimately achieved & the Soviets were forced to leave within nine month , May 15, 1988 – February 15, 1989. . Of course that success was short lived and the Mujahideen & Osama Bin Laden became our new national security headache , less than 3 years after the Soviets departed . The Russian defeat , however , would not satisfy few lingering questions such as ; was it prudent to wait almost 6 years after the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan before deciding to abandon the “ harassment “policy and adopt a more aggressive one that was bent on “taking the war to the Soviets “? This policy change was cited by Coll , “ “initiated with Reagan's
It is also true that the Pakistan army has to this date not stopped meddling with terrorist activities in Afghanistan , perhaps to break the India-Afghanistan Alliance. It is no surprise that General Zia ul-Haq ordered the training of over 90,000 Afghan rebels, many of who later formed the Taliban. By 1985, the budget of Operation Cyclone was raised to $250 million dollars. President Reagan was clearly pro-Taliban and pro ISI: “The Mujahedin are increasingly convinced that, in addition to weapons, and the solution to logistic problems, this requires more cooperation at the tactical and the political levels.” Dr. Najibullah had only one hope: Soviet aid.
The BOLSHEVIKS wanted to have a social reform within the country of Russia. The BOLSHEVIKS then made a peace treaty with Germany that was called the peace of Brest-Liovsk on March 3, 1918. The treaty entails that the BOLSHEVIKS not only a punitive peace, but also they game up most of their land of the Baltic provinces. Because of this Russia lost “a third of its population, a third of its agricultural land, four-fifths of its coal mines, and half of its industry” (167). This was a sign that the BOLSHEVIKS would then begin a regime that was more callous than ever before.
Stalin used his position as a leader to force the country to improve. As said in ("Of Russian Origin”) Stalin believed that the country had to be united - with him as leader - if it was to be strong. Stalin also calculated that the Soviet Union only had 10 years to catch up with the Western world in terms of industrial growth before Germany invaded, which was highly plausible.
The world has become increasingly capitalist, and it is uncertain how a socialist Russia would fare in the international arena. Though a Communist president would have forestalled the crisis in the Ukraine, he would have also placed Russia’s economy in a precarious situation by reverting to a socialist government. Thus, a communist president would not have been a better alternative for the
Post WWl, Russia was still not industrialized, suffering economically and politically and in no doubt in need of a leader after Lenin’s death. “His successor, Joseph Stalin, a ruthless dictator, seized power and turned Russia into a totalitarian state where the government controls all aspects of private and public life.” Stalin showed these traits by using methods of enforcement, state control of individuals and state control of society. The journey of Stalin begins now.
His government controlled the media like in 1984. The Soviets didn’t plan on re-educating the older generations, he could achieve that by instilling fear into the hearts of the people who loved the previously known Russian empire. They were rather focused on the children. “In grade school, students were trained to pledge allegiance to the Communist Party. Soviet schools traditional emphasized rote learning over what the government wanted them to learn
In 1917, the Russian Revolutions caused the end of Russia’s monarchy under the tsar, and the Bolsheviks were able to seize control of the country. The leader of the Bolsheviks, Vladimir Lenin, and the Politburo (the highest part of the new Soviet government that overlooked every other part of the government) planned to shape Russia (later changed to the Soviet Union (USSR)) into a communist country where everyone was equal. After Lenin’s death in 1924 there were inner conflicts over who would become the new leader of the USSR. Eventually, Joseph Stalin, one of the members of the Politburo, seized control of the Soviet government. With Stalin came a change in government policies that shaped the Soviet political landscape for years.
Joseph Stalin was and still is universally known for his harsh leadership in the Soviet Union. To examine the extent of his cruelness, World Civilization II: The Rise and Fall of Empires© 1500-present stated, "Stalin was not a communist; he was a sociopath. He enjoyed hurting people and ordering their deaths. In his time as dictator of the Soviet Union, he was responsible for the deaths of tens of millions of his people, and the cruel torture and imprisonment of millions more" (Sattler, 71).
War communism had a devastating impact on the peasants and proletariat in Russian society between 1918 and 1928. However, the New Economic Policy that followed the Civil War effects was opposite, raising living standards and reinstating support for the Bolshevik party. Vladimir “Lenin” Ulyanov, known as the head of the notorious Bolshevik party, introduced War Communism (1918-1921) and the NEP (1921-1928). As Martin McCauley states “If War Communism was a leap into socialism then the New Economic Policy was a leap out of socialism” The aims of War Communism and the NEP were both successful in a large number of areas, however, the effects of both policies were not all favourable.
Afghanistan, contrary to popular belief was once a flourishing and beautiful sovereign state, which was eventually destroyed when the Soviet troops entered the country. The USSR entered Afghanistan to help the government fight the foreign mercenaries. The war with the USSR led to tremendous
https://doi.org/10.2991/mplg-ia-19.2019.24 Greentree, T. (2021). What went wrong in Afghanistan? The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters, 51(4), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.55540/0031-1723.3088 Kugler, R. (2007). Operation anaconda in Afghanistan: A Case Study of Adaptation in Battle.
“Is what you want? A miserable little bourgeois republic? In the name of the great Soviet republic of labour we declare war to the death on such a government!” (Bukharin, 1917) . The Russians were fed up of being poorly treated by their own country, so they decided to take a stance.