Safe Motherhood
The first reference to safe motherhood has been noted in Ayurveda, the ancient Indian medical science which describes the general management of pregnancy under ‘Garbhini Vyakaran’ in which rules containing diet, activities, behavior and mental activity were also laid down.
The great physicians of those times Charaka and Sushrutha in India have described care of the mother and child and also advocated sound principles of this care.
During the splendid reign of King Asoka (273-232 BC), Indian hospitals started to look like modern hospitals. They followed principles of sanitation and cesarean sections were performed with close attention to technique in order to save both mother and child. From time immemorial, the presiding genius at the birth
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Sterilization remained the focus of the National Family Planning Programme. Efforts were made to popularise vasectomy and to provide vasectomy services to rural areas, using a camp approach. These efforts however did not result in any marked improvement in health status of the vulnerable groups because the care was not available when needed and there were no referral services.
System of Integrated Child Development Services(1975 onwards) laid foundation for convergence of maternal and child services at the Anganwadi centres at village level.
Until 1977 the major health activity was family planning which was changed into ‘Family welfare programme’ with Maternal and Child Health becoming an integral part of family planning programme. The components of this programme were MCH services, family planning, immunization services, nutrition and health education. Child health was later integrated into Family Welfare Programme in 1977 with the vision that reduction in birth rate has a direct relationship with reduction in infant and child
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In order to effectively improve the health status of women and children and fulfill the unmet need for Family Welfare services in the country, especially the poor and under served by reducing infant child and maternal mortality and morbidity, the Government of India during 1997-98 launched the RCH Programme for implementation during the 9th plan period by integrating Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) Programme with other reproductive and child health (RCH) services. In addition, a new component for management of Reproductive Tract Infection (RTI) and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) has also been
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