CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
According to the SOCSO (Social security organisation) article in the year 2003 the rate of construction sector contribute 3.3% to the GDP as compared to 1.07% for the working sector, this is a 3 times less than the working sector. They is a higher risks of injuries in the construction sector and the causality rate within construction workers, this is because it involves various activities correlate with distinctive hazards, climatic condition and diverse jobs during the phase of construction. (Anon.2015)
They are various hazards at a construction site such as the operational use of trucks, forklifts, tractors, and lifting vehicles such as cranes. Other hazards at a construction are workers working at heights (scaffolds and ladder), hand tools, power tools, electrical shocks and burns and finally working on roofs. Health matters are common in this field to employed workers since they are always manually handling equipment and are noisy. Common safety hazards on a construction site is the movement of vehicles and the falling from heights, and the most health hazard at a site are noise and the manual handling enterprise. It is also noted that unsafe behaviour highly results to the compelling actor that results to accident and occasionally leading to death at sides, according to HSE report which states that approximately 90% of accident
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Factors such as the environment conditions must also be considered, this includes heat and noise.The data for hazard establishment can be gathered from the equipment and material supplier, site proprietor and contractor. If information about the equipment are not available then the contractor should take responsibility to recognize unidentified substances or look for help from an expert in the event that
The objective of the hazard identification is to identify the presence of potential hazards that are posed during operation of the plant, then suggest corresponding control measures to reduce risk or mitigate impacts on work force. Main hazards that we take into consideration are chemical hazards, electrical hazards, vibration and noise related hazards. 6.2.1 Chemical hazards The chemical hazards are those posed by chemical components and products used in the process. The main hazards associated with the process are that of natural gas or carbon dioxide leakage, high temperature and pressure steam, and potassium carbonate.
These organisms might be fungus, viruses, or bacteria. Physical hazards are a broad range of hazards and include noise, vibration, temperature and more. There are multitudes of controls for physical hazards. The final hazard encompasses ergonomic hazards. Ergonomics includes repetitious movements, poorly set up work stations, and over using of body parts.
One of the policies that city comes up with after March 25th, 1911 was worker safety. After The Triangle factory fire and the number of victims helped peoples to fight for worker safety with reason “ Lives were lost because the need for profit was placed above the importance of worker safety. Outrage about the senseless deaths helped to mobilize a city and a nation to institute policies and legislation for worker safety. ”(Janelle. Hinds,The New York Amsterdam News).
Surely, the speed of the line the workers are expected to work in is the main cause of most of the injuries. The industry pressures them to work faster, and as a result more money is made. As proof, in a Human Rights report a worker stated, “ The line is so fast there is no time to sharpen the knife. The knife gets dull and you have to cut harder. That’s when it really starts to hurt, and that’s when you cut yourself”.
Appropriate and safe working equipment ? A safe place to work ? Safe systems of work to help prevent ill health and accidents and policies and procedures ? A system to discuss matters of health and safety with employees. Other workers/colleagues
The first legislation I will discuss is ‘Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) regulations (2002)’ which is used to reduce the risk of injury whilst doing an activity. It can be used in any line of work, and you have to consider safety factors about it. When using personal protective equipment, they must check if it is suitable for use, if it offers the right protection for the user, or if it needs replacing, because if it needs replacing then it is not fit for purpose. The main areas where people use PPE is on the sports field or in a building site. For example a builder, as shown in the diagram below, is wearing a helmet to protect his head, goggles to prevent any dangerous objects getting in his eyes, gloves so his hands don’t get hurt when
Many processes across base requires hazardous chemical interaction. Knowing if a chemical is hazardous is key to keep Airmen safe and the work environment healthy. The Hazardous Communication Standard defines the following hazards: Physical hazards - a chemical for which there is valid scientifically evidence that it is an agent or activity posing a potential hazard to a person or property. Most common are: • Flammable o Aerosol – a mist yielding a flame projecting over 18 inches at full valve opening o Gas – a gas at ambient temperature and pressure, forms a flammable mixture with air at a concentration of 13 percent by volume or less o Solid – a solid other than a blasting agent or explosive that is liable to cause fire through friction • Explosives – a
A study was done to investigate occupational health in Urban Latino workers and the finding were an increase risk of occupational injuries with undesirable outcomes (Pransky, 2002). According to the Bureau of Labor Statistic death decreased from 2007 to 2008 for the Hispanic, but they remain at 4 deaths per 100,00 compared to blacks and 3.5 per 100,000 compared to whites (Population Reference Bureau, n.d.). The occupational fatality rate has been the highest for Hispanic as opposed to all other groups for the last past 15
All of these jobs come with a high chance of getting injured. According to the book, injuries can range from, deep cuts to death. Despite the fact employees are already suffering from their
HEALTH AND SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE TASK 1.1: A few acts that would be applicable to an Engineering company that performs Sheet Metal Work and Fabrication and Welding could be: - Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 - Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 - Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 This Act was made to secure the health, safety and welfare of people at work. It was also made to protect people other than people at work against the risk to health or safety from or in connection to what people do at work. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 was also used to control the use of explosive or flammable or otherwise dangerous substances and prevent having or acquiring
The potential dilemmas between the rights and choices of children and health and safety requirements are that they are entitled to: • Dignity • Safety • Confidentiality • Privacy All children are to be respected in the way that they want to be respected for example if they do not want to be changed on the nappy changing unit but want to be changed on the changing mat on the floor then you need to respect their wish and implement it. All children must be kept safe so you must have everything set up ready like nappy, nappy bag, gloves and wipes before you collect the child for nappy changing time as once they are on the changing bed you cannot move as they may move and fall off. Children may tell you something in confidence but you cannot promise
Any and all potentially hazardous substances must be identified, monitored and stored in line with COSHH regulations and company policy. Q6.1 Describe practices that prevent fires from starting and spreading. Practicing good fire prevention is essential to keeping a safe working environment, employers or building owners must carry out a fire safety risk assessment to identify potential sources of ignition or fuel that could cause a fire. Sources of ignition such as cookers or heaters must be turned off when left unattended or not in use, these appliances must also be kept in good working condition and have regular checks for example as PAT testing.
Safety is the number one consideration when it comes to jobs like welding. Welding can be very hazardous to a welder if he or she is not wearing the proper safety gear or taking the proper safety procedures. When welding a number of things could go wrong from explosions and gases and fumes to electrical shocks, burns and more. This paper will describe welding hazards and procedures that can be taken to avoid them. One of the main safety hazards of welding is fumes and gases.
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 5.1 Introduction The impact of recession has been felt throughout the world. This study is an effort to analyse the impact of the recession in India, especially in the construction industry. The impact of the recession has been different in countries around the world. The way the recession has affected the various industries of each nation is also different.
TASK 1.1 Importance of operation management Operations management (OM) is the business function responsible for managing the process of creation of goods and services. It involves planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling all the resources needed to produce a company’s goods and services. Because operations management is a management function, it involves managing people, equipment, technology, information, and all the other resources needed in the production of goods and services. Operations management is the central core function of every company. This is true regardless of the size of the company, the industry it is in, whether it is manufacturing or service, or is for-profit or not-for-profit.