Why Did Europeans Sail the Seas? Europeans explored the seas to acquire resources, riches, and land. It is a common pattern that explorers throughout history share. Through acquiring these things, almost all European explorers benefitted their country or government. The most prominent reason that the Europeans traveled was to find resources. In the times that they explored, trade was a valuable income of goods for most countries, but countries wanted more direct ways of obtaining such materials. “The starting point for the European expansion… had a great deal to do with pepper”(Doc 4). Pepper was a very valuable import, and as such when the Turks began to block trade routes for it around 1470, other Europeans sailed in order to find the source of the spice. In addition, at the end of Columbus’ letter he summarized with “I will procure… a quantity of spices, of cotton, and of mastic… I promise also rhubarb and other sorts of …show more content…
It is important for most countries to expand their reaches and therefore increase the amount of power they have. In Columbus’ letter he explained the details of the land he claimed for his country. “...I discovered many islands… of which I took possession... in the name of our [King]”(Doc 1). After stating this, he continued to describe what he named the islands and what they were like. It is apparent that acquiring land was an important task for explorers to complete, as otherwise Columbus most likely would have continued his exploration after discovering these islands without taking control of them. Gaining property was imperative for Europeans to do as they sailed the seas. Goods, money, and property are all things that people in these times when they explored. By obtaining these things, these explorers that traveled to new lands were able to help their country or government, as well as themselves. It is clear that this is what Europeans wanted when they sailed the
The European Age of Exploration had a few causes. One of them being the Ottomans who controlled eastern trade routes and were looking to expand. The Europeans feared the Ottomans so they decided to find, and open new trade routes as said in document 1. The other main reason for exploration is seen in document 3, “...to see the
o Although technically North America belonged to the Spanish, the English went around the borders of North America in search of profitable goods. o They became successful in defended a Spanish Armada which led to the grant of the Virginia Company. The English hoped to find an empire that would improve and support their country.
Mentioned in an article from Britannica, “(Columbus) was obsessed with the ocean from a young age and began his sailing career in his teens,” leading him to become an expert navigator and ambitious explorer. In every part of his voyages, good or bad, Columbus introduced Europe to new land where they could expand and build new settlements. He encouraged many other explorers to sail west and introduced what is known today as The Columbian Exchange. This is where he began swapping and trading New World and Old World technologies, plants, cultures, and ideas. He brought together the Eastern and Western hemispheres of the world while also opening a new international economy and helping Europe colonize new lands.
The main materials Europeans sought after were silver and gold because it symbolized a country’s superiority. A “favorable balance of trade” promoted a better work ethic to supply goods which benefitted the economy. The Navigation Acts were formed due to England’s competition with the Dutch for trade. So, these acts were created to ensure that only English ships could exchange goods with the colonies and the items could not be brought out of the domain. Mercantilism caused the colonies to be in debt to England because the goods that they exported were not as valuable as the goods imported from England.
His motivations were like those of most men in that time: God, Gold, and Glory. Columbus wanted to become rich by finding the spices that were in Asia and he also wanted to prove that Asia wasn’t really that far from Europe. He also wanted to spread Christianity through his journey. As well as his theory being proven correct, he also had many things to gain. In his journal it states, “[Your Highness] ordered me to proceed with a sufficient armament to the said regions of India, and for that purpose granted me great favors, and ennobled me that thenceforth I might call myself Don, and be High Admiral of the Sea, and perpetual Viceroy and Governor in all the islands and continents which I might discover and acquire, or which may hereafter he discovered and acquired in the ocean; and that this dignity should be inherited by my eldest son, and thus descend from degree to degree forever.”
The step he made when traveling with his crew to the Americas changed the world that they lived in for good. The opportunities in America advanced Europe's society because they had new cultures to trade with and a variety of resources that would improve it's economy. Columbus’ journey provided a unique opportunity of exposure to new people, which helped the peoples of Europe to become more cultured. Because of the new sea routes discovered, trade could expand to farther places. The Europeans were making money off of cash crops planted in the fertile land, which helped them to become more powerful.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, leaders of a few European nations sent expeditions out in the hope that explorers would find great wealth and vast undiscovered lands. The Portuguese were the earliest participants in this “Age of Discovery.” Starting in about 1420, Portuguese ships sailed the African coast, carrying spices, gold, slaves and other goods from Africa and Asia to Europe.
Document 7 mentions that Europe had to compete with it’s neighbors when voyaging across the globe, and even before they started to expand. This could have motivated European countries to explore faster and beat out other countries. As a whole, Europe had a desire for power, which it could gain by exploring (Document 7). When the Spanish came to Mexico and South America, they spread smallpox. This lead to the death of Huanya Capac, the Incan leader, which in turn set of many wars of succession.
Many European explorers wanted to become wealthier in their travels. This is shown in Letter of Christopher Columbus to Luis de Sant Angel, where the text states, “I can give them as much gold, spices, cotton, and as many Indian slaves as they choose to send for.” Christopher Columbus is requesting that King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella fund his journey. He promises to make them rich in return. This demonstrates how explorers, like Columbus, were seeking gold and other treasures when they began exploring.
Christopher Columbus was one of the greatest explorers known to man. Columbus had many different reasons for his explorations. Later, the main reason for his explorations was selfishness. Just like many other explorers before Columbus, he wanted land, he wanted power, and he also wanted gold. The reason for his very first voyage to what he thought was India, but later was found out to be Central America, was to get land for Spain.
Jacques Cartier is more of an invader than an explorer. This is due to his actions, motives, and adaptations to the bumps along his journey in hopes to find a new passage to Asia. Cartier’s motivation surrounded around profit, opposed to an Explorer, whose focus would be directed further towards finding new land and discovering new things. These were some of the results following Cartier’s travels, but they were not intended. He harmed First Nations he encountered, and was a kidnapper, taking advantage of the people around him.
Columbus reportedly traded pieces of his ship for gold, and was given a golden mask by a native chief. He later said in court (believing he had reached India) “There are many spices, and great mines of gold and other metals…”. After learning of the untapped natural resources and potential for wealth, European nations created an exploration frenzy, with constant voyages to the new world. The nations which sponsored these expeditions would give the explorers a cut of all the gold they found, which helped motivate conquistadors to make the long and treacherous journey to the New World. These explorers knew gold would bring wealth and power to them and their country, in addition to achieving tremendous glory for both.
Magellan told himself that there had to be a shorter route for the spice trade that he could find. If Magellan could accomplish this is would help out Spain tremendously. Magellan had more knowledge of Columbus when he searched for a spice trade route, Columbus did not know the obstacles of North and South America being in the way, Magellan however, did. (Kramer
Some historians call it the “God, Glory and Gold” to describe the motives generating the overseas exploration (Encyclopedia). Although Columbus might have been passionate about sailing and exploring new routes and ways to trade better between continents, most experts do think that he had this idea behind everything as well. “‘Gold’ refers to the search for material gain through acquiring and selling Asian spices, African slaves, American metals, and other resources” (Encyclopedia). This means that as well as finding a way to transfer goods between countries [mainly Spain and India], he was on a conquest to find a personal route to do business himself. The problem trading spices such as nutmegs, cloves, cinnamon, ginger, and peppercorns (The Spice Trader) back then was that the transportation costs could even make the price of the spices a hundred times the original.
The best reason for the expansion and exploration of the new world was of course due to money. The biggest reason for the exploration was because of the economic scare that everyone got because of the Ottomans taking over the trading routes of the east raising economics concers. Muslims controlled the rich spice trade of the Indian Ocean Everyone wanted to find the Northwest Passage toward the Orient as they all believed that it was the direct rout toward spices, silks and wealth. Europeans wanted to trade with the eastern part of the world, wanting to make money easier and trade off goods that they did not have. Like Europeans, Portuguese wanted to find gold and an overseas route toward a spice market of India.