Sarah van den Barselaar
Review of literature
Review of Literature
Source A:
Wilson, L. L. (1997). The Salem Witch Trials [p 27]. London: Lerner Publishing Group.
Summary:
Tituba confesses to being a witch. In her confession she makes reference to a lady in the Bible who used the same method to kill, this only further helps the ministers use religion to support the idea of witchcraft and start the salem witch trials.
Validity:
Reliability:
This source is an extract from Lori Lee Wilsons novel The Salem Witch Trials. Lori Lee Wilson is a historian who has studied the Salem witch trials for many years. The source shows how a Puritan ministers used a mere coincidence that has something to do with a religious reference to reinforce the idea of
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However it is an extract of the novel and therefore is only showing one cause and one part of her findings. It is not bias and is purely factual based on her findings. This makes it a reliable source.
Usefulness: this source helps answer the question to what extent did Christianity cause the Salem Witch Trials as it shows that it was due to the Puritans need to purify the community that the witch hunt began. It is a secondary source so it shows what this historina has discovered and concluded after her years of research.
Limitations: this source is an extract and therefore only shows one of her findings and we do not have the full context nor the other causes she has mentioned in her novel. It is a secondary source and therefore the author was not alive during the time and cannot give a first-hand account of what actually happened but only her historian perspective on the situation. This can be useful when comparing it to other
Mary Beth Norton (2002) explains that new accusations of witchcraft would spread beyond Salem’s outcasts and onto more respected members of society. Typically witchcraft was viewed as a working- class crime, but soon two upstanding Salem church members, Martha Corey and Rebecca Nurse, were accused. Rebecca Nurse was one of six women tried during the Court of Oyer and Terminer’s second sitting, from June 28th to July 2nd. Her trial proved to be particularly shocking. Nurse was convicted despite a petition of support from thirty-nine friends and neighbors, and active family efforts to discredit her accusers.
Mary Beth Norton seems to have entered into a single-minded telling, trying to link the Indian wars as the sole answer to “Essex County Witch Trials”. The French and Indians were involved in an up rise of accusations, sure. But Norton’s reasoning behind how the Indian wars had not happened, maybe these trials would not have occurred, does not make sense. Norton tries to wiggle her out of it by stating that she does not believe that the Second Indian War caused these trials but that it “created the conditions that allowed the crisis to develop as rapidly and as extensively as it did.” As an example she uses “repeated spectral sightings of the black man” and “establishes a crucial connection” found throughout records on Salem, as a direct link
She gives no sources as to where this information came from, and she lacks any reason or proof of this. The reader never gets any answers to their many questions about this, leaving them dissatisfied. This takes away from the reader’s willingness to listen, because the author lacks a willingness to explain. This can hurt the argument by losing the reader’s interest, and destroying the author’s credibility. Another great, yet flawed, point comes from another survey.
In Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible," Reverend John Hale is portrayed as a man of great faith who is called upon to investigate the mysterious occurrences in Salem, Massachusetts, during the witch trials of the late 17th century. Although Hale initially believes that he is doing God's work by rooting out the supposed witches in the community, he eventually comes to realize that the accusations are baseless and that innocent people are being condemned to death. In this essay, we will explore how Reverend Hale could have prevented the events in Salem by using his knowledge and authority to challenge the prevailing hysteria and superstition. Firstly, Reverend Hale could have used his knowledge of the Bible and his position as a respected member of the community to challenge the accusations of witchcraft.
I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil” (Miller, 1953, p.48). This quote proves how people were lying during the Salem Witch Trials to prevent themselves from being charged with witchcraft. It shows hysteria because people are going wild and arguments are being caused because they do not want to be charged with witchcraft. “We are what we always were in Salem, but now the little crazy children are jangling the keys of the kingdom, and common vengeance writes the law…” (Miller, 1953, p.77).
For example, Annika L of the Salem Times states, “A fourth theory is that the girls behavior was caused by physical illness.” Despite the fact that such points could be defended with some logic, most of the support would be weak and loose. On the other hand, it can be concluded that the claim made by this essay is more logical and well supported if anything. All in all, it can be determined that the cause of the Salem Witch Trials was the attempt of Salem citizens to either defend or create family ties and enter or sustain continued community safety within the
Salem was a town divided into two sides, the west side being poor, and the east side being where wealthy people stayed. Document E shows that the accusers were mainly on the west side, and the accused witches were mostly on the east side, this showing that the poor were the ones mainly accusing the rich and wealthy. Document E’s evidence is backing up the theory that another cause of the Salem witch `trial hysteria was Salem being divided, with one side accusing the other. “Although” statement where you agree there might be other contributing causes. It is true that other causes may help explain the hysteria.
REVIEW OF LITRATURE A.) SUMMARY SOURCE A Although the whole book had information on the Salem witch trials. The introduction, chapter 1 and 2 and the conclusion had information regarding the research needed • Introduction: states what the Salem witch trials where and who they accused.
The reason that the Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony could condone the acts of genocide that occurred during the Salem Witch Trials is because, while they had set themselves up to be a utopian society, it had not yet happened. Various reasons could have led to their settlement towards not becoming a utopia. The main reason for this is the very origin or the greek word “utopia,” which originally meant “impossible.” Other factors included simpler human concepts such as greed, hatred, and lust. These emotions were all present in the town of Salem, but they were hidden from notice by the towns folks devoutness to their church.
In his book, “A Modest Inquiry into the Nature of Witchcraft (1702),” clergyman John Hale comes forth to confront the recent events going on at the time. Initially, Hale alludes to the questionable actions and activities of the townspeople being accused of witchcrafts, and being imprisoned as punishment. In addition, he discloses how everyone suspicious will be accused, not even young children are safe from the hands of this fate. Hale’s purpose of publishing this book was to describe the incident of the Witch Trials, and to reveal his experience of the trials, since his own wife was accused. By employing a didactic tone, Hale relays the actions of the past that targeted the Puritans and those wrongly accused of witchcrafts, so this occurrence
The book does not offer any new insights into the motivations or reasons that the Witch hysteria peaked as it did in Salem, the author does an excellent job at presenting the material in an easy to read and mentally digest
Sarah never confessed but did indeed accuse another. During the trials, Good remained stern to the statement that she was “falsely accused.” Though her words said otherwise, Sarah was ordered to execution July 19, 1692. Tituba was the slave of the Parris family, and the first to be accused of influencing the girls to practice witchcraft. Tituba confessed to many activities practicing the use of black magic.
Much of what happens in Salem still resembles some things we see in society today. The word of one man can change people’s ideas and images of another without conclusive evidence. What people fear the most can sometimes bind us together, even if it is not
In the book Crucible written by Arthur Miller took place in 1692. Some may believe that Reverend Hale is not to blame for all the deaths of innocent people in Salem. The only reason Reverend Hale is involved in this case, is because he is pushing his limits to get the truth. Also, to not let any guilty doers off the chain, for the reason that they will keep repeating their dirty crimes. There has been many witch trials taken place in salem, of which many people have been accused and persecuted.
Ridicule of the Salem Witch Trials Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, "Young Goodman Brown,” exhibits his deep repulsion for what occurred during the Salem Witch Trials. He possesses the readers with his emotions so they feel the sorrow he feels for the innocent people who were falsely accused of witchcraft and sentenced to death. Hawthorne was personally connected to the Witch Trials because his great-great-grandfather was a judge. Throughout the reading, we see instances where Hawthorne indirectly and directly addresses the Salem Witch Trials in order to ridicule this horrendous occurrence.