Background: Salinity stress presents a significant challenge in the future of plant growth and food production. Compost from water hyacinth co-digested with cow dung (WC) provides a potential alternative to alleviate adverse effects of salinity with a highly significant increase in the growth parameters of plants for human food. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of WC to alleviate salinity stress in Lupinus albus.
Results: Salinity stress (with 150 mM NaCl) led to a highly significant decrease in all growth criteria of L. albus. The application of WC compost to the soil resulted in a highly significant increase in the L. albus growth parameters. Photosynthetic pigments showed that salinity level (150 mM NaCl) led to a highly significant decrease in chl. a , chl. b and carotenoids of L. albus. The effect of WC compost on the photosynthetic pigment content was reflected in a highly significant increase in chl. a and chl. b with a highly significant decrease in carotenoids content at seedling stage. Emendation of the soil with WC compost resulted in a highly significant reduction
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High concentrations of salts in soils account for large decreases in the yield of a wide variety of crops (Ediga et al., 2013). These effects are through osmotic inhibition, ionic toxicity and disturbance in the uptake and translocation of nutritional ions leading to alterations in physiological and biochemical functions of the plant cells (Misra and Dwivedi, 2004; Xiong and Zhu, 2002). Salinity has two main components affecting plant growth. Initially, the water potential is lowered, and the plant experiences an osmotic stress similar to drought associated with concentrated solutes in the root zone. The subsequent ionic imbalance as salts perturb the uptake of nutrients and the accumulation of ions over time is the main cause of toxicity
By examining the data as a whole a trend of decreased cellular respiration in seedlings soaked in solutions with increased NaCl concentrations. The water treatment which had a 0% NaCl concentration had a higher respiration rate than the seedlings soaked in the 3% NaCl concentration. This overall trend of the data supports the
The article “Which Plants Can Tolerate Salt” explains how Rugosa Roses and Begonias can possible survive in salt water through an experiment. In the experiment, it has predictions and data. It also has an analysis, charts, pictures, and a conclusion for the readers to help understand the experiment. After reading the experiment, readers can figure out through the findings that roses thrived in the salty environment,
For example, Sphagnum Moss obtains the minerals it needs (calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium) by exchanging ions with the environment (Ecoscope: For Sustaining Wetlands). Hydrogen ions are exchanged with the cell wall of Sphagnum and this is called cation exchange. Since hydrogen ions are dissolved into the water, it becomes more acidic. The Sphagnum gains it minerals this way as bogs are mineral poor. Soil that has higher rates of cation exchange are more fertile that the soil that does not.
The bands of color travel the greatest distance are more soluble than the bands that traveled less distance. In this experiment, we did not see chlorophyll a or carotenoids pigments. This could be due to the fact that we used coleus leaves and grass leaves, which do not have a large quantity of carotenoids or chlorophyll a. If we were to use spinach, then we would have seen a different concentration of pigments because the spinach leaf contains certain pigments at a higher
The variation of the concentration of sodium bicarbonate will have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). In this experiment it was ultimately found that the 95% confidence interval bars of treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 overlap, however none of the treatment groups overlap with each other or the control. This shows that there is a difference in the rate of photosynthesis when exposed to increasing amounts of sodium bicarbonate. This leads us to reject the null hypothesis and provides support for the alternative hypothesis. The variation of the concentration of sodium bicarbonate will have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis of spinach (Spinacia oleracea).
dpip turns colourless when electrons are transported which gives us an estimation on the rate of photosynthesis (Mosse, 2015) Temperature can have a great effect on photosynthesis, as generally the higher temperature the higher rate of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction, and as temperature rises so does the reaction, however temperatures above 40 degrees slow the reaction down, this is because the enzymes involved in photosynthesis are temperature sensitive and can be destroyed if the temperature is to great. (Nature, 2012) The aims of this investigation are to test the effects temperature has on the rate of photosynthesis of silver beet.
If a plant is receiving a higher concentration of salt minerals in the water a nutrient imbalance will occur inside the plant, thus resulting in poor or little plant growth. Salinity level tests should regularly be carried out by home gardeners to ensure the best quality produce, salinity level test results which display salt levels more than 320 parts per million should not be used to water plants. Mineral nutrients are another important factor to successful plant growth, in home gardens, these nutrients are found in the soil and additional fertilisers, however, these levels of nutrients can be accidentally altered by excess salts, resulting in plant dehydration and possibly death. Found in soil, potting mix and other mediums in which plants typically grow in contain oxygen in which the plant needs to successfully grow.
These findings show that the null hypothesis is rejected, and that there is a major difference between the observed and expected values. It is also observed that in the data in Figure 1.1, as the concentration of the NaHCO3 increases, the greater the production of oxygen. The highest photosynthetic rate is in at a 1.0% concentration of NaHCO3and the lowest in at a 0.1% concentration of NaHCO3. It is also important to note that the 0.4% concentration of NaHCO3 had a greater oxygen production than the 0.6% concentration of NaHCO3.
The pigments utilized in light reactions are chlorophylls a and b and both occur within the thylakoid sacs of the chloroplasts. The focus of this experiment is to determine which photosynthetic pigments are prevalent in the spinach plant. I hypothesize that chlorophylls a and b will more abundant than other pigments. Methods
The pigments of the Elodea leaf absorbed more white light than green light when carrying out photosynthesis. According to the bar graph below, the white light caused the leaf to produce a significantly greater amount of oxygen than green light (Graph 1). The graph also illustrates how the amount of oxygen produced during the first 10 minutes affect the gross photosynthesis. Both the red portion and blue portion of each column, which represents gross photosynthesis and net photosynthesis respectively, are larger for white light than for green light (Graph 1). The graph of the data provides an illustration of what the actual data numbers are representing.
Cindy Liu Mrs. Puma English III Honors 17 January 2018 Annotated Bibliography: Stress or Anxiety Reduction/Management Block, Sandra. " De-Stress Your Life." Kiplinger 's Personal Finance, vol. 71, no. 2, Feb. 2017, p. 64. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com. Accessed 10 January 2018
Introduction: In this task I will be researching the effect that acid rain has on the rate of plant growth. Acid rain is any type of precipitation with a high pH, with high levels of nitric acids. The reason why I had chosen this topic was because acid rain seems to have a great effect on the effect of plant growth, and plants play a very important role in our ecosystem. Acid rain is a major problem in our environment when we are not able to neutralize the acidity.
Top 9 reasons on how stress affects eating. We are all if not all the time, under some level of stress in dealing with our daily routines. Be it stress at the work place, college, school or even at home, it still pervades us. We will discuss the top ten reasons on how stress affects our eating over the next few days.
3. Review of literature 3.1 Stress and its types: Stress is an essential mediator of human behaviour. Immediate physiological response to any type of stressor facilitates survival of the species at its maximum. Despite of normal homeostatic regulatory mechanism, the stress responses can become maladaptive. Chronic stress, for example immobilization, exposure to noise, irradiations, psychological stress can leads to a host of adverse health consequences, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, obesity, depression and early ageing (McEwen et al, 2004).
Academic Stress: Academic stress among students have long been researched on, and researchers have identified stressors as too many assignments, competitions with other students, failures and poor relationships with other students or lecturers (Fairbrother & Warn, 2003). Academic stressors include the student 's perception of the extensive knowledge base required and the perception of an inadequate time to develop it (Carveth et al, 1996). Students report experiencing academic stress at predictable times each semester with the greatest sources of academic stress resulting from taking and studying for exams, grade competition, and the large amount of content to master in a small amount of time (Abouserie, 1994). When stress is perceived negatively