The Heckscher-Ohlin Theory

The theorem was formulated by Samuelson and according to him, international trade leads to relative and absolute alignment between countries in income from the use of homogeneous factors of production. Trade in goods moves through relatively abundant resources in the country to a country with limited quantities. In the late forties of the twentieth century Samuelson developed the Heckscher-Ohlin theory claiming that the development of a free trade leads to equalization of the prices of the same goods in different countries, as well as to equalize the prices of factors of production, although these factors are non-transferable. After the addition theorem Heckscher-Ohlin sometimes called the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem Samuelson. In later works Samuelson

Changes in real income owners of the factors of production are reflected in the view of some action of pressure groups. Owners abundant factor of production are generally supporters of free trade, and holders of scarce production factor in favour of the introduction of trade restrictions. As a result, part of the society realizes the benefits and part suffers substantial losses. The State, having aware of this fact should help those who lose. The addressees of this aid should be the producers (and other operators) involved in the production of goods import, since they bear the greatest losses. In the case of TSS formulated for a variety of factors of production losses as a result of HMN are the owners of the factors of production that are most involved in the production of imported goods. This is due to the fact that it is usually very difficult to them to retrain to find employment for their resources in profitable sectors. The truth is that most strongly against the liberalization of HMN little protest owners of mobile and highly specialized factors of production eg farmers, miners and others like them,

The main message of this theory is the claim that the differences in the level of development of the countries are the result of the prevailing economic relations between the two countries. This theory was developed in the fifties and sixties in response to modernization theory, which argued that all countries follow the same linear path of development. Dependency theory rejected this theory, claiming that the current developing countries are in a new situation of dependence on the developed countries in the world economy, which was not previously in history. Developed countries get rich on trade with developing countries, selling high-value manufactured goods, while the developing countries mainly sell less profitable semi-finished products and raw materials. Dependency theory also criticizes free-market theories, pointing out that developing countries must limit their participation in the global economy to wean themselves from developed countries. Dependency theory focused on the relationship between the colonial countries and their former colonies, especially in South