Sanitation Problems

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Behavioral Assessment of Sanitation Issues
Significantly, based on the WHO (2014) report, more than 3.4 million individuals die due to poor health sanitation and prevalence of waterborne diseases. Notably, most of the affected populace are children that die of various conditions enhanced by the organisms that survive in different water points contaminated by raw sewage. Further, it is observed that the occurrence of the diseases depicts a seasonal pattern with the highest incidence being during January and May, and a reduction between June and October. However, the distinct behavioral pattern has been identified to be the escalator of the diseases such as open defecation, use of water from surface runoffs, and people not washing their hands …show more content…

In essence, most of the surface runoffs and water from shallow tunnels are contaminated by the high level of wastes found in the region, hence, makes the water unhealthy for utilization. Additionally, open defecation in the area has significantly enhanced prevalence of these diseases during rainy seasons as most of the residents do not have access to better latrines. Further, poor hygiene has also contributed to the health hazard since many of the people rarely wash their hands from the toilet or after going for an open defecation, thus, contaminating food during preparations.
Biological Factors that Contribute to Sanitation Problems
Pathogenic Microbes
The pathogenic micro-organisms enter the body of an individual through drinking water and consumption of food that has been prepared by infected hands. In essence, the microbes mainly enhance prevalence of various waterborne conditions such as cholera and typhoid with an increased number of diarrhea cases among teens.
Viruses
Numerous viruses occur in the alimentary canal or the mouth of an individual and can be exposed to the environment through faces and can be found in wastewaters and rivers. Notably, the viruses are difficult to isolate since they dissolve in water. Therefore, when a person consumes water or food materials that have been infected with the viruses, they …show more content…

Therefore, the school teachers are to create awareness, knowledge, and improved hygiene for the children by promoting safe use and washing of hands after visiting a toilet. Additionally, the schools are to use kids to pass health sanitation messages to the parents by using them as health ambassadors to the community.
Community
The community has to be involved in the project to enhance ownership with the responsibility of managing and maintaining the water system in the region. Additionally, the villagers are to develop a steering committee that ensures that each person has a latrine in their homesteads and adheres to the WASH programs requirements.
Government
Government plays a primary role in enhancing the success of the program as it provides a conducive environment to implement the system. Further, the government is mandated with developing policies that stimulate the adoption of the plan by various stakeholders in the country. Similarly, the state is enhanced with the responsibility of creating legal frameworks that facilitate openness of roles and obligations of different

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