Behavioral Assessment of Sanitation Issues
Significantly, based on the WHO (2014) report, more than 3.4 million individuals die due to poor health sanitation and prevalence of waterborne diseases. Notably, most of the affected populace are children that die of various conditions enhanced by the organisms that survive in different water points contaminated by raw sewage. Further, it is observed that the occurrence of the diseases depicts a seasonal pattern with the highest incidence being during January and May, and a reduction between June and October. However, the distinct behavioral pattern has been identified to be the escalator of the diseases such as open defecation, use of water from surface runoffs, and people not washing their hands
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In essence, most of the surface runoffs and water from shallow tunnels are contaminated by the high level of wastes found in the region, hence, makes the water unhealthy for utilization. Additionally, open defecation in the area has significantly enhanced prevalence of these diseases during rainy seasons as most of the residents do not have access to better latrines. Further, poor hygiene has also contributed to the health hazard since many of the people rarely wash their hands from the toilet or after going for an open defecation, thus, contaminating food during preparations.
Biological Factors that Contribute to Sanitation Problems
Pathogenic Microbes
The pathogenic micro-organisms enter the body of an individual through drinking water and consumption of food that has been prepared by infected hands. In essence, the microbes mainly enhance prevalence of various waterborne conditions such as cholera and typhoid with an increased number of diarrhea cases among teens.
Viruses
Numerous viruses occur in the alimentary canal or the mouth of an individual and can be exposed to the environment through faces and can be found in wastewaters and rivers. Notably, the viruses are difficult to isolate since they dissolve in water. Therefore, when a person consumes water or food materials that have been infected with the viruses, they
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Therefore, the school teachers are to create awareness, knowledge, and improved hygiene for the children by promoting safe use and washing of hands after visiting a toilet. Additionally, the schools are to use kids to pass health sanitation messages to the parents by using them as health ambassadors to the community.
Community
The community has to be involved in the project to enhance ownership with the responsibility of managing and maintaining the water system in the region. Additionally, the villagers are to develop a steering committee that ensures that each person has a latrine in their homesteads and adheres to the WASH programs requirements.
Government
Government plays a primary role in enhancing the success of the program as it provides a conducive environment to implement the system. Further, the government is mandated with developing policies that stimulate the adoption of the plan by various stakeholders in the country. Similarly, the state is enhanced with the responsibility of creating legal frameworks that facilitate openness of roles and obligations of different
This initiative brings back much-needed control to communities by promoting local agriculture and providing capital growth to these areas as well.4 Another possible solution in areas that are able to support
The word dangerous is used to describe something that can cause harm to an individual: a dangerous job is just that. For the first time in the book, Schlosser focuses on what he considers the most dangerous job in the fast food industry: sanitation workers. He does this throughout chapter eight in the section “the worst”. Schlosser incorporates vivid descriptions of slaughter house conditions as well as accounts involving those affected by the lack of safety precautions to implicitly compare the similarities between sanitation workers of the slaughter house and the cattle that are also being murdered there. Schlosser’s main purpose for this section, and the chapter as a whole, is to emphasize the hazardous conditions that workers must endure
Although microscopic single-celled organisms inhabited earth long before humans evolved from their primate ancestors, they continue to coexist and coevolve with humans today, flourishing as both harmless and deadly companions. Within her literary work Deadly Companions: How Microbes Shaped Our History, microbiologist Dorothy Crawford begins with a dramatic account of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the first pandemic of the twenty-first century. Crawford travels back in time four billion years ago to the origin of microbes, recounting the evolutionary history of microbes, showing how microbes spread and cause epidemics, and revealing how coevolution yields host resistance. Furthermore, Crawford explores the intertwining history of microbes and humans, with the purpose to reveal the link between the emergence of microbes and the cultural development of man.
In order to make this compromise effective, an agenda could be set between local organizations and stakeholders to sort out their odds and find a common ground. Moreover, since the decision involves the society deeply, surveys and public polls should be conducted to understand people’s opinions and expectations for how they want their community to
Transmission is often by the fecal-oral route. Hence, food and water sources may be contaminated through improper hygiene and sanitary practices (Kotloff, et al., 1999). In fact, dysentery epidemics have been linked with poor housing and sanitary facilities brought about by the displacement of communities due to wars and natural calamities (Gillespie & Hawkey,
Sanitation conditions have improved but there are still places where they have not improved. Third-world countries lack food, clean water, and shelter. Scarcity has been a problem for a long time. Natural resources are diminishing. Many people are going hungry and dying because they don’t have enough food and can’t afford shelter.
Each year, 48 million food and water borne illnesses will sicken the United States inhabitants, and an additional 3,000 people will die from those illnesses. Food and water safety is crucial to the public because it directly affects people’s health, and without good hygiene diseases will spread quickly. It is also important to point out that many people live in conditions where they do not have access to resources necessary for human survival, and these are the ones that need the most assistance. For many, it is due to the carelessness of food and water distributors and lack of government intervention. For example, the Flint Michigan Water Crisis, a completely preventable occurrence.
Around the globe every minute a child dies because of water-related disease, Women spend hours walking to collect water, it has been estimated 1 in 9 people lack access to safe water, hospital bed spaces are occupied majorly people related to water-borne diseases. Clean water is essential for both mental and physical development. Lead in tap water causes many birth defects. Thousands of contaminants are present in tap water which are even poisonous. For every spent on water and sanitation there is a double return to the economic.
By working together, these groups can revitalize a community’s natural resources, as well as its built environment. This Chapter will help define the roles and responsibilities of each of this groups as they come together in a partnership in the framework of River Revitalization Program. 1.2. How is the Chapter organized The Chapter follow a step-by step process to help us to put the framework of River Revitalization Program which help us to make the most of our Nile Riverfront.
3.2 Outline the procedures to be followed if an accident or sudden illness should occur. The procedure to follow in the event of an accident would be that I would record all of the details about the incident & report/relay them to the ward manager who will then go on to notify other people. In the event of someone having a cardiac arrest, if I was the first person on the scene I would activate my alarm to make sure there are more staff available to help. 3.3 Explain why it is important for emergency first aid tasks only to be carried out by qualified first aiders.
The results might gain more meaning if they could be strengthened more by increased actions to establish the importance of hand hygiene among care givers (Fox, et al., 2015). This condition is made extra appealing because the existence of the untoward events such as HAIs decreases the reimbursement by health care facilities based on the rules by CMS to decrease the frequency of adverse incident in care delivery. My PICOT Question For this project portfolio, the PICOT question of interest will be, if the use of hand washing, and antisepsis lower the rate of hospital acquired
b. “Every time you buy a bottle of Ethos, money goes to help provide children with the access to clean water they need.” c. Clean water is very significant for our nourishment especially for our youth. It is imperative to us to come together to find ways to solve this solution. III.
The CCDP, introduced from Japan in 1985, combined the methods of community development and community planning. In the CCDP, residents were encouraged to conduct meetings gradually and completely with sufficient time and resources, provided through abundant financial support. CCDP aims to actualize the vision of community work using a grassroots and gradual approach. It reconsiders local culture, promotes residents’ participation, repairs the community’s relation with nature, practices the value of mutual help and friendship, and develops community
Hand washing is the single most important technique that a person can use in preventing the spread of infection. There is good reason to worry about infectious diseases right now, and not just because of Ebola (Winters, 2014). With flu season in full bloom and the lack of hand washing from most persons the public and health care workers are susceptible to contracting colds, influenza, gastrointestinal disorders, and more. Through proper hand washing techniques the chance for contracting such diseases can be greatly reduced. Health care workers and the public have three types of hand hygiene to choose from.