Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis also known as SDS-PAGE is one of the methods for determining the molecular weight of unknown proteins. SDS is an anionic molecule which denaturizes proteins and brings it back to its’ primary structure and it also provides a negative charge to the uncharged molecule. The SDS-PAGE enables the separation of proteins based on their sizes. The larger the size of the protein, the harder it is to travel through the gel thus heavier proteins stay near the cathode side of the gel. For this experiment, a software named Gel Analyzer was used in order to obtain the molecular weight of the unknown proteins with the help of a protein ladder with known molecular weight and protein concentration.
CHAPTER 3 Methods and Procedures This chapter presents the methodology and procedures used to determine the renal protective property of crude extract in stingless bee propolis. Research Methodology Experimental methods and techniques will be used for the determination of the renal protective property. Systematic procedures will be observed in the determination of the renal protective property of crude extract in stingless bee propolis. Chemical tests will be used to perform to determine present compounds. Biological and histopathological testing will be conducted to determine its renal protective property in high levels of creatinine by Gentamicin induced in rats.
1.1 Kinetic model To determine the second order reaction rate constant of Acesulfame K with the different transient species studied, two pairs of independent competition kinetics were established for each transient: Acesulfame K with Ibuprofen and Acesulfame K with Atrazine. Assuming the first pair of competition for the hydroxyl radical generated by NaNO3 irradiation is Acesulfame and Ibuprofen (ACE, IBP). Their respective reaction rates are (M s-1): (Eq. 6) (Eq. 7) With k and k’ the second order reaction rates of Ace and IBP with HO•.
Its rate of secretion is regulated chiefly by the osmolarityof the plasma. Also prepared synthetically or obtained from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, used as an antidiuretic called antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This paper will analyze the biological data for release of vasopressin and calculate the Fuzzy Truncated Skew Laplace distribution mean residual life timem(t) and Fuzzy hazard rate function of Truncated Skew Laplace distribution model h(t). 2.Fuzzy Truncated Skew Laplace distribution(FTSL) A random variable X is said to have the skew symmetric distribution if its probability density functionis given by f(x)=2g(x)G(λx) Where, g(x) and G(x)
ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION OF STREPTOKINASE PRODUCING STREPTOCOCCUS SPECIES AND PRODUCTION OF STREPTOKINASE ABSTRACT: The objective of the study is to identify a potent streptococcal species producing streptokinase enzyme from different samples. Various food samples and soil samples were collected and analyzed for the potent streptococcal strain. They were confirmed for streptococcus species by biochemical characterization. Further, they were screened for the streptokinase activity. Among them curd sample and bore soil sample showed good activity and they were taken for further analysis and production process.
Spectrophotometry Prepared for: Dr. Joseph Dasso By: Lucy Onsarigo Biology 1406 C5L September 23rd, 2014 Introduction Spectophotometry is the ability of molecules to absorb and transmit light energy for determining the concentration of substances in a solution. (Mark Garcia 2014). The instrument used is called spectrophotometer to distinguish different compounds since they absorb light at different wavelength. Some have wide range of wavelength and the shorter the wavelength the higher the energy. For one to know the absorbed light one has to put a cuvette into a sample holder with a solution and record the amount of light transmitted and absorbed through the solution.
Predict/ roughly determine the Vmax and ½ Vmax values from the peak of the graph, where the slope of the graph levels off (the asymptotical line). Predict/ roughly determine the Km by reading off of the graph the corresponding substrate concentration on the x-axis for the ½ Vmax value. Plot a Lineweaver-Burke graph (the inverse of the velocity of the reaction vs. the inverse of the substrate concentration). Calculate accurate Vmax and Km values using the following equation for the Lineweaver-Burk
known as cation-exchange or anion-exchange chromatography, depending on whether the solutes to be exchanged are positively or negatively charged. Size Exclusion Chromatography: Here the molecules are separated according to their molecular weight and it is suitable for molecules having molecular weight of 2000 Daltons or more. Largest molecules are eluted first and the smallest molecules last. Affinity Chromatography: Here the stationary phase contains specific groups of molecules which can absorb the sample if stearic and charge related conditions are satisfied d. This technique is used to isolate prooteins, enzymes as well as antibodies from m mixtures. Partition Chromatography: Here the stationary phase is a thin liquid film either adsorbed
The aim of this lab is to determine the concentration of a potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (HKC8O4H4) using acid‐base titration. Introduction: Titration is a technique that chemists use to determine the unknown concentration of a known solution (we know what chemical is dissolved, but not how much in a solution). Because we know what the chemical is, we know how it will react with other chemicals and we can use that reaction to determine the concentration of the solution by measuring the formation of product(s). In the case of an unknown concentration of acid, we can use a known concentration of hydroxide base. This type of reaction is a neutralization reaction, where salt and water are products of the reaction: Acid + Base Salt +
The FTIR spectra of the prepared adsorbents before and after treatment were presented in (Fig. 6). FTIR spectrum of prepared bioadsorbent coming from T. cordifolia (constituted by carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and fibers) was recorded to identify functional groups responsible for the metal ion coordination. The FTIR spectra of the biosorbent and metal ion loaded biosorbent were compared to determine which functional groups (Table No. 3)are responsible for the manganese biosorption.When compare the two spectra before and after adsorption, as shown in the (Fig.