Title: Secure landfill
1. Introduction.
The secure landfill is a special storage design used to handle hazardous waste. Secure landfill is classified under class1 when it compare with other two landfill namely monofills and sanitary. The surface impoundments are the area used to store liquid hazardous waste and it is erected either temporary. The advantages of this storage are cheap and the hazardous waste can be treated in the place without experiencing problem.
The hazardous waste is no longer needed for reuse but hazardous materials are needed for commercial value. Hazardous waste in the landfill is designed as a modular series of three dimensional namely by incorporating separate cells; place in an appropriate cell and cover the entire
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Social consideration is important because the land has little value and minimal local resistance, table of groundwater are safe.
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3. Source of hazardous waste.
Industrial: The computer manufacturing company has hazardous materials used are includes gold, silica, nickel, aluminium, zinc, iron, petroleum products and about 30 other minerals. The materials provide financial incentives for industrial practices and products that benefit the environment by enhancing sustainability. (Daniel B. Botkin & Edward A.
Keller. p579).
Agricultural waste is the source which produces waste as a pesticides and herbicides which used to kill weeds, fungicides which used to kill fungus in our homes which has ingredient chloropiforus.
Fluoride waste is a by product of phosphate fertilizer production use in the field.
Soluble nitrates from manure may dissolve into groundwater which contaminate drinking water, high levels of nitrates may cause health problem. There are examples cropping farm, dairies, feedlots and orchards. (James R. Mihelcic & Julie B. Zimmerman. P579)
Household waste is the source of hazardous waste which include toxic paints,
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Monitoring tool needs to be implemented by checking either water is contaminated or not. Resolution: Manufacturing Cartridges Company includes free postage bags for easy recycling. Restricting people from the area where renovation takes place because they will inhale asbestos particles which causes lung disease and cancer.
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Medical waste is the source of hazardous waste
Hospital and clinics use special care in disposing of waste contaminated with blood and tissue. Health workers, Doctors, Nurses, Cleaners must be especially careful with needle, scalpels and glassware called” sharp”.
Pharmacies discard outdated and unused drugs, testing laboratories dispose of chemical waste. The radioactive isotopes used for diagnosis and treatment of patient must be carefully tracked and disposed.
4. Area of hazardous waste control.
The best way to eliminate this waste is not to generate them in the first place. This can be done as a process for example the toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons which are late used in the 1970s, must be replace in the 1980s by less toxic glycol ethers(C2H4) and in 1990s by low toxicity esters and
The broad plateau at its summit is large enough to hold Dodgers Stadium with plenty of room for parking. Set to close this October, it is the country’s largest active landfill. Most of the 130 million tons of waste buried for eternity beneath its lumpy slopes could have been recycled” (1). With the use of words such as “trash mountain”, the reader can greatly visualize America’s landfilling problem and the importance of recycling.
The same is true for the nitrate levels. The location of Commons Stream could be the reason the nitrate level is higher. Commons Stream is near the UMBC parking lot. This in turn has both a heavy student and traffic population. Due to this the nitrates may be contaminated by the excess litter and trash found in the
This incident focuses on the importance of regulations and continuous testing of landfills
Manure care is an extremely crucial part of CAFOs, therefore when there is research showing that 20-30 water quality problems per year are found, there is then room for concern. As seen depicted in the table below, manure fabrication has been an ever growing issue. The data was collected from 2006-2007 which only means that manure numbers have risen. Ammonia is usually traced in surrounding water, which is the cause of aquatic life depletion. The EPA estimates that 53% of the population relies on groundwater for drinking water, often at much higher rates in rural areas (EPA, 2004).
This waste must be kept up, observed and watched to keep the materials from falling into the wrong hands and causing problems. These administrations and included materials cost cash – on top of the high expenses needed to put together a plant, which may make it less desirable to invest in. d) Uranium is Finite - Uranium is finite and exists in few of the countries. It is pretty expensive to mine, refine and transport uranium. It produces considerable amount of waste during all these activities and can result in environmental contamination and serous health effects, if not handled properly.
One of the major pollution problems that affect our drinking water include animal-feeding operations. Within the United States, “animals like cattle, chickens, lambs, are fattened up before slaughter in tens of thousands of pens” (72). As a result, manure builds up because the animals are kept in their pens for such long durations. Even though the manure is moved to other areas for storage or use, rain often causes it to seep into clean waterways and aquifers (72). Our water supply is compromised because “California Central Valley alome is home to 1.4 million cows.
Many different processes produce air contaminants. Dust and fiber are two types of solid particles that may be of concern depending on their nature. Chemical hazards can have several methods of exposure either through skin contact, ingestion, absorption by the skin, and/or by breathing them in. Due to their hazardousness, chemical substances are identified by Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and are required in the workplace for reference. Biological hazards are living organisms and enter the worker which can cause infection and disease.
Animal waste runoffs or feedlots are farms that specialize in cattle or hogs. These animals are stayed in a very small area of land and they are raised on hormones and grains that make them big and fat for slaughter. Feedlots help provide a lot of protein in America but feedlots contain a lot of the animals poop and other bad substances that can pollute the air and the water with their runoff. Pros of having feedlots is that they produce meat that satisfies U.S. consumers, they’re efficient, and cheap. Cons of having feedlots is that manure contains nitrogen and phosphorus; if not managed properly, they can pollute the nearby lakes,streams,rivers, or oceans, and antibiotic use increases genetic resistance to bacteria in the human body.
Health care professionals must also be trained on how to dispose of the medicines appropriately. For example sharps such as needles and cannulas must be deposited in the sharps bin and emptied on a regular basis to reduce the risk of needle stick injuries and infections being passed on. This act looks at how it can benefit both the service users and staff so that standards are set clearly and
When dealing with substances, they will have a potential hazard which can affect the health care setting. The substance can be a potential hazard in the residential care home as there is clinical waste and cleaning products. As the nurse and the staff member will have to make sure that the cleaning products is locked in a room so that the visitors and the residents won 't be able to go in and touch the chemical products. There is a law called COSHH Regulation 2005, which stand for Control Of Substance Hazardous to Health regulation 2005. COSHH is when the hazardous substance have to be handled in a right way and it has to be stored in a minimise risk which is present.
The low level waste gets put into a system of containers underground where the waste will sit until non-radioactive. To get rid of high level waste you have to decontaminate it until it reaches low level of radiation. Then start the same system as the low level until the byproduct is finally at a neutral state. This system is done by the NRC and the Department of Energy. Nuclear waste has to be handled carefully or it could be harmful.
Farmers began to grow their crops in San Joaquin Valley for more than 100 years. Farms in the valley produce mostly vegetables, fruits, nuts, and dairy and they are the main manufacturers in international markets and major suppliers in the United States (Hanak & Arnold, 2017). Farmers are using polluted groundwater to grow their crops and harming the environment by drying rivers and causing people to get health problems. The reason that there are pesticides in nitrates in groundwater in San Joaquin Valley may be the fact that there is a long history of farming and irrigation and generally permeable sediments (Burow & Dubrowvsky, 2014). The first organization that noticed the growth of nitrates in groundwater is the Regional Aquifier System Analyses Program.
In Richard Muller’s essay on Chemical Waste in America, he points out many different problems in todays disposal techniques of nuclear waste. He brings in readers by appealing to American citizens with his visual texts, guilt, and how we must start feeling some empathy for our future generations and find a solution to prevent a massive chemical waste epidemic. Mullers argument bases off his visual texts, by showing us a reality that is going on today. Among the visual texts, Muller explains the exact quantity of chemical wastes in the United States by telling his audience that, “we have already generated more than enough nuclear waste to fill up Yucca Mountain,” which is a storage bunker for chemical waste products. Muller even includes a picture of Yucca Mountain so the audience can get a feel for the absurd amount of waste we have built up.
Other options for organisations are by reducing waste in the workplace through reuse and recycling efforts that have a positive impact on the environment. Less office waste means less trash in landfills. Recycling paper, aluminium cans, ink cartridges and even office machinery and equipment can help reduce the global environmental impact of consumer consumption. Other options, such as composting, can reduce waste even further. Organisations may be able to generate extra revenue by selling aluminium or machinery as scrap
In “The Hidden Life of Garbage,” Heather Rogers writes about the waste disposal in the United States and how dangerous is getting. Land dumping has been the main disposal method for many years because of the low cost. She writes how landfill is a designed construction in which the trash is far away from the environment. Therefore, isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and a daily covering of soil. She also says that a sanitary landfill uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment.