objective of trading with America and Africa respectively. These were the predecessors of the modern Multinational Corporations (MNCs). Since World War II, the scopes of multinational corporations have grown and spread with phenomenal speed. The international petroleum industry, however, predates these more recent developments. There is a difference of opinion over the definition of a multinational, trans-national and international corporation. It has various names like direct investment, international business, international firm, international corporate group, the multinational family group, worldwide enterprise, global companies, ultra-national companies and so on. However all Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) keep their headquarters in …show more content…
The purpose of this paper however is to carry out critical assessment of the activities of SHELL Petroleum one of the most popular multinational corporations in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with the view to determine as well as measure this hazards produced by the Multinational Corporations against the people development programs and policies that they embark on such as scholarships. This study will also investigate how the activities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria have contributed to a huge level of environmental degradation that has impacted negatively on the peoples of the region. The two major aspects that will be discussed in this paper are oil spillage and gas …show more content…
These features are some of the causes of one of the causes of sporadic climate change and global warming, acid rain, air water and land pollution, reduction in crop yield, other, hematological effects (Darkwah, 2010:7). The inability of government to adequately institute and effectively apply the policies and consequences of the disregard of those policies as well as the inability of literature on Multinational corporations (MNC’s) to adequately fill the gap as to the responsibility of the multinationals are toward areas in which they operate and the devastating effects of their activities on the environment as well as the people or inhabitants of areas directly affected by their actions has often created confusion as to the duty of multinationals has encouraged the oil companies to continue in
Moncrief identified the environmental crisis as having three major areas of improvement - an absence of personal moral direction concerning our treatment of our natural resources, inability to adjust to stress, and a faith in technology. The area of improvement that pertains the most to the Salton Sea crisis is moral disparity. As stated within the article, corporate executives are often praised for increasing profits by ignoring pollution abatement laws. As discussed by Bullard, the current law requires a person to sue a polluter to invasion of human rights which can be difficult for those who cannot economically afford the lawyers needed to sue these large companies. For this reason, pollution and other environmental issues disproportionately impact oppressed groups.
Major concerns from people in the U.S. is to stop “groundwater (aquifer) contamination by fracking chemicals, accidental chemical spills, waste disposal, air quality, the land footprint of drilling activities, pipeline placement and safety, and the amount of water used” (Rahm 2974-82), but many companies like Texas Barnett Shale company choose to ignore health affects and the contamination it causes until they are confronted. Some companies, even when confronted, deny the problem entirely because they are able to fight it within contracts or have better lawyers to fight their cases against citizens in the area who are hurt from this contamination. As hydraulic fracturing gets bigger, companies have been taking this system into other underdeveloped countries that also have Marcellus Shale living under their land. For example, Citizens in Mexico who are close to fracking sites are also seeing changes in their environment. In nearby villages, locals point to cracks in their walls and say they have never felt anything like it.
As time passes, the importance of environmental considerations is increasing more and more in the society. For projects like these, ExxonMobil must realize that they are affecting the ecosystem, air, biodiversity, human population, fodder, forests, agriculture etc. and this means a lot to Chad and
Since BP was the main operator of the Macondo project, BP will be the starting point for my research. In the first part of this study, I will describe BP as a company. I will discuss his business, the services they offer, and the industries in which they compete. By analyzing the business environment of BP, I can identify companies that may be affected indirectly by the oil spill, such as: For example, their competitors, suppliers and oilfield service providers. To understand changes in returns for the shareholders of the affected companies, we must first understand the scale of the economic consequences of the oil spill.
In turn, this causes serious health implications. This paper focuses on the social, economic and environmental conditions such as the impacts
RISE AND FALL OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS The Rise and Fall of Walt Disney Company Name : Riska Nurhayati ID Student : 016201300129 Class : IR Diplomacy 1 / 2013 Lecturer : Zamroni Salim President University Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, Kota Jababeka, Cikarang Baru, Bekasi 17550 Phone (021) 8910 9762-4, Fax (021) 8910 9768 Email: enrollment@president.ac.id, http://www.president.ac.id Introduction Multinational corporations is an organization that doing business activities and operating in two or more countries. In the next explanation, multinational corporations will be called as MNCs. In this paper, I am trying to catch up one of Multinational Corporations, which is Walt Disney Corporations, as the 11th-largest American corporations and largest media company in terms of market capitalization.
For example, the Niger Delta had over 550 oil spills in 2014 and Royal Dutch Shell and ENI, two large transnational corporations, are to blame (Krause). Their ecosystem is collapsing and people are being forced to move their families and relocate. Nigeria had environmental laws in place regarding the safety of the Delta since 1978, and the catastrophic spills still occurred. These companies move to places where they know the laws are not effectively reinforced and the environment is the one that takes the
That means a global corporation, that began in and reflects the United States is negotiating with a nation
In my essay I will talk about different business strategies which companies can adopt in case of responding to issues of globalization. First of all I would like to define all the terms that will appear in my essay. Globalization is the global evolution toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration which implies the opening of regional and nationalistic perspectives to a wide attitude of an interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services across domestic frontiers. Growth strategy is a strategy aimed at winning greater market share, even at the expense of short-term profit. If we consider globalization process according to SWOT analysis, we will obtain its strengths, weaknesses,
Multinational corporations can be defined as enterprises operating in several countries but are managed from their home country. Generally, any company that acquires a quarter of its revenue from operations outside of its home country is considered to be a multinational corporation. Today the multinational corporations have a radical effect on the economic system all over the world. This is due to the growth of international business of the multinationals, which has tremendous effect on the traditional forms of international trade and capital flows for economies at large. In the world economy they create a powerful force.
Royal Dutch Shell commonly known as Shell is a petrochemical company and a global group of energy formed in 1907 which has an average of 93,000 employees working in more than 70 countries (Shell.com 2016).Since February 2016 Royal Dutch Shell is now considered as the second largest oil company in the world (The Guardian 2016). For several years shell has faced reputation problem, mostly form environmental campaigners (Benady Alex 2015). Shell is always struggling hard to keep its license of operation.
Multinational corporations had brought numerous opportunity to developing country such as job opportunity, increasing guarantee at employment rate. It is benefited for developing country to improve the economy. According to Management development in international companies in China (Stephen T.K. Li, 1999), China is obtained 10% average annual by multinational companies and foreign companies create over 8 million job opportunity to China people, most importantly, China had a low employment rate before multinational companies enter into China. Consequently, the international companies are benefited to developing economy to developing
The degradation of the environment in the Niger Delta, is a direct result of oil companies that have failed to take social responsibility into consideration in their various operations. The numerous environmental consequences of oil exploration have become huge obstacles that face development in the Niger Delta. One of these obstacles are oil spills, which mainly occur
Economic globalization has greatly adjusted the industrial structure of the developed western countries. Some developed countries actively adjust their industrial structure and product mix at home and vigorously develop emerging industries with high technology, compactness and high added value. At the same time, International economic cooperation, international investment or the operation of transnational corporations, some high-energy, high-material consumption, high-pollution and labor-intensive sunset industries will be transferred to developing countries and even landfills will be built in these countries to directly plunder the land there , Labor, natural resources, clean air and clean water, thus achieving the transfer of environmental pollution. For example, asbestos, a strong carcinogen, is used in Europe and the United States to control the use of products, but the world 's consumption has not diminished, for which, such as the United States MONBIL company and Europe 's largest asbestos manufacturing companies came to India to invest and build a joint venture. Then they set up factories, which produced a lot of pollution in India.
Low productivity and 7. Endemic corruption, greed. Given the Nigeria’s socio economic and political disposition Globalization presented more challenges for the country for it lacks what is needed to be relevant and deal with it untill the nation can achieve a certain measure of good governance, modest economic