Gestures
Feelings, attitudes and emotions are more efficiently conveyed through body language than through speech. Gestures and emotions are closely linked to each other, so,, the body language becomes the window to a person 's mind!". According to the business consultant and psychological coach , James Borg, there are three main elements in any communication message: body language, voice and words. Albert Mehrabian , psychology professor at UCLA, continued Borg 's theory by adding a value to the three elements : 55 percent of the meaning in any message comes from the visual body language (gestures, posture, facial expressions), 38 percent is derived from the nonverbal element of speech (vocal- the way in which the words are delivered: tone,
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As some examples to prove this assumption we have the following situations: many oaths are taken with the right palm over the heart and the palm is held open in the air when somebody is giving an evidence in a court of law. On the other hand, someone who doesn 't want to be honest about a certain situation involving him, will try to hide its palms at its back or inside its pockets. There are three main palm command gestures: the Palm-UP position is used as a submissive, non-threatening gesture, being similar with the pleading gesture of a beggar.
The Palm-DOWN positions express an authoritarian attitude. During the World War 2, Adolf Hitler used the ,,palm-down" position as the official salute, the position being a symbol of tyranny and power. Also, Allan and Barbara Pease, the authors of ,,The Definitive Book of Body Language", give us another example when this palm position represents authority: when couples walk hand-in-hand, the dominant partner (very often the man), walks slightly in front with his palm facing backwards, while the other partner has its palm facing forward.
The Palm-Closed-Finger-Pointed gesture is, beside being a very authoritarian gesture, one of the most annoying gestures that can be used when communicating, creating negative feelings in most listeners. In some countries (Malaysia, Philippines) this gesture is an insult, being used exclusively on
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The Lower-Arm-Grasp was developed in the Roman Empire, because of the practice of carrying a concealed dagger in the sleeve. The handshake evolved as a way of greeting and ending businesses deals and it spread around the world, even if the countries where , traditionally, other gestures are used (countries like Japan, Thailand or South Korea). We can find out a lot of information about a person just by observing its way of handshaking. There are two types of handshakes: The dominant handshake is represented by turning your hand so that your palm faces down and it communicates that you want to take control of the meeting. Many political figures learnt that if they sit left to their partner, they will have a dominant attitude and will be able to gain the upper hand when they shake. (John F. Kennedy, Bill Clinton).
The submissive handshake is the opposite of the dominant handshake and it means that you are willing to give the other person the control over the situation.
If two dominant people meet, they will end in a vice-like handshake, position which creates a feeling of equality and mutual
A Cultural Minefield by William Ecenbarger is an article about how common gestures and customs at home have different meanings in other parts of the world. Ecenbarger has been to six different continents and didn’t realize until years later, that he offended or embarrassed his host during that time. For example Ecenbarger in Australia got into a taxi and jumped into the back seat. The taxi driver spoke to him in voice that made Ecenbarger nervous. In the United States it is a custom that you jump into the back seat whenever asking for a cab.
During any formal event, body language portrays a story of how you act and behave. President Obama doesn’t conduct a lot of movement throughout his speech, and he keeps his composure still making it difficult to pinpoint his emotions. One instance when he does use his hands, is to punctuate sentences with strength, for example, he’s hitting his hand against the podium while he talks to end a sentence with strength or bring a sense of need to sentences (UpTakeVideo). At the same time though, he gives us just enough to see he’s passionate about his speech and what he’s telling the people. Throughout the speech, Obama will politely use his hands as emphasis on a statement as well, for example, he’ll hold onto the podium to make himself seem bigger
“When the officers actually do speak, they are instructed to do so persuasively and in tones that are resolute but not commanding… One step up the scale from persuasion is another type verbalization that the police call command voice” (Fyfe, 38). When none of the verbalization techniques work, officers use the first force option called firm grips. The intention of the grip is to let their subject know that an officer wants the subject to remain still or move in a certain direction, without causing
We're human beings. We make deceptive flailing gestures all over the place all day long. They don't mean anything in and of themselves. But when you see clusters of them, that's your
Incorporating power can virtually benefit any situation in which a person is attempting to influence another. This is because an abundance of the public blindly believe dominance is more trustworthy, when often
For example, if a carer has poor interaction with a service user then the carer most likely to be not giving eye contact towards the service user but a good of good communication with gestures is that the carer gives lots of eye contact and does not fidget about with anything around them. This shows a high level of good communication. With argyles theory it important to understand the ways people will want to communicate for example touch, some people prefer not to be touched at whether it is for comforting someone or not this is effective because limiting touch with service users can make them feel happier because the carer is respecting their way of thinking. Gaze and closeness also has a comfort
There are different types of nonverbal communication. Body movements is a different type of nonverbal communication. Body movements are the most noticeable elements of nonverbal communication. Body Movement consists of posture, gestures, face and eyes. A posture can say a lot of a person.
As an American we believe that continuously staring at someone is rude and can come off as threatening (Changing Minds). In caribbean culture, it is common to have others stare someone without the thought of it being disrespectful. In both Haitian and Montserratian culture staring at someone shows interest in whatever they may be doing (Culture Crossing Guide). Even though each culture has their differences, some share similarities. America and Montserrat have similar social expectations when greeting someone.
Most American people conserve eye contact while communicating, and also they are expertise in showing enthusiasm and compassion. When greeting in social situations women pat each other on the right forearm or on the shoulder, rather than shake hands where as men shake hands until they know someone well, at which time they progress to a more traditional hug and back slapping. conversation take place in close physical distance when stepping back may be regarded as unfriendly. generally, people refrain to use first names
Dominants may not even have a little idea of subordinates’ experience. But on the other hand, extensive information is available about the dominant group through TV, magazines, books etc. For instance, one can find White people ruling in all forms of media but people of color are portrayed rarely. As a result, the subordinates find it easy to learn about dominant group and it also becomes necessary for them. To make the idea more clear the author has quoted a saying of a Social Psychologist Susan Fiske in the article, which says, “People pay attention to those who can control their outcomes.”
Within different cultures, members follow a set of strict rules that must be carried out properly when interacting with one another although they are not aware of these unspoken rules. One can become more aware of these actions when he steps out of the procedures set by his culture and behave opposite of what is expected in his culture. The act of behaving in an unexpected manner that is opposite of the norm to elicit a response is known as “Garfinkeling”, named after Harold Garfinkel (Agar, 1994, p.169). By Garfinkeling, I was able to demonstrate how eye contact and the lack of it can disrupt the sign that it carries of paying attention and also interrupt the symbolic system that takes place when asking for assistance. When Michael Agar (1994) speaks of a “sign”, he explains that it is made up of two parts, the “signifier” and the “signified”.
Hands and Feet! Many people particularly in Western countries use fork, spoon and knife when eating while in Eastern countries such as China, Japan, and Korea use chopsticks. In the Philippines, aside from using the spoon and fork people also use their bare hands while putting up their foot on the chair. This gesture of Filipinos is an example of nonverbal communication specifically kinesics.
Another ritual that is considered one of the classiest is all of the professional sports is the post-series handshakes between both teams. The only time teams shake hands all season is after a playoff series, no matter how gritty or dirty the series get both teams come together as a sign of respect for each other and for the game. This is unique because it is the only time in any of the top professional sports that both teams line up at the center of the venue and shake every opposing players and coaches hand as a sign of respect. This is much different from sports like basketball, football, and baseball, in which players seem to seek out only specific players and rarely does someone acknowledge every player on the opposing team. Another meaningful part of the NHL handshake is that media doesn’t rush put onto the ice and mob the athletes until after everyone has gone through the lines, players always make a point to finish the line before doing any post-game interviews.
Eye contact also plays a vital role in effective communication. There are times when we experience words that come out of our mouth and the ways we communicate through our body language are totally different. In this kind of situation, the receiver has to determine whether to believe verbal or nonverbal message. Regularly the receiver would select the nonverbal as it is more natural and it truly displays the speaker’s true feeling and intention. The gestures such as the way we sit, how fast and how loud we talk and how much eye contact we make send strong messages to the receiver.
In Portugal, as a sign of greeting men and women kiss each other on the cheeks. Men shake hands. When the closer friends who are happy to see each other get together, they accompany vigorous handshake greeting by slapping each other on the shoulder or back. When people say goodbye to each other the same ritual is repeated, though a handshake and a pat on the shoulder can be less vigorous. Now we can see the tendency of spreading of these rules and traditions of the family and friendship over business establishment.