Short Term Memory Analysis

Introduction Memory in general is defined as the process that involves retaining or storing information and retrieving or remembering the information without the presence of the original stimuli (Goldstein, 2011). Memory is broken down into two compartments short term memory and long term memory. Short term memory holds information for a brief period of time, while long term memory tend to hold information for a longer period of time. Association memory is part of the long-term memory. Association memory is the capacity to learn and retrieve information between two distinct stimuli and associate them with one another (Goldstein, 2011). Therefore, association memory is primary subject of this experiment. We want to confirm our prediction

A spelling-sound mapping technique was used, which combines the relationship between visual words associated with its linguistic properties. The children were able to more effectively link that have normal spelling-sound mapping, for example, cat versus continent (an abstract word that has an abnormal spelling-sound mapping). In addition, it is stated that semantically elaborated sentences tends to be helpful with abnormal words, while phonological properties tends to be more significant when it comes to normal words, Nilsen & Bourassa (2008). Semantic elaboration sentence helps the person to understand or encode the meaning of a word from the sentence that is given, while phonological properties is the sound features of word that helps to encode its

VWM is the ability to identify, convert and understand words with the printed letters and its corresponding paired visual images. This study included children with normal achievement (NA) and those with reading disorder (DR). A total of 20 participants were used. The results indicated on the Association Memory test (AM) that children with RD performed worse on word memory I, II and symbolic reading than their counterpart Normal achievement (NA). Participants were subjected to six various testing battery; expressive one word picture vocabulary test, the screening assessment for reading test, the phonological processing subtest (NEPSY), WISC-III, Word Associations subtest and Association Memory (AM) test that usually last for about an hour or less. It was found that limits of the storage of the VWM processing may affect the way the words are being retrieved and may not be properly recalled. This might be the reason why recalling abstracts or elaborated sentences may be difficult to some. The limits to the experiment were that the sample taken had a great gender difference and the group was not demographically