Grace P. Rato Psych 17 AB PSYCHOLOGY-2 March 19, 2016 “Relevance of Theories Of Personality In The Different Fields of Psychology.” First of all, what is Personality? Personality is what makes you unique and refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving. But there is little common agreement among personality theorists. Gordon Allport, said that personality is something real within an individual that leads to characteristic behavior and thought, but for Carl Rogers, another personality theorist who focused on Humanistic Psychology that the personality or “self” is an organized, consistent pattern of perception of the “I” or “me” that lies at the heart of an individual’s experience.
Humanistic theories of Rogers (person-centred) and Maslow (Self-Actualisation) evolution. Humanistic therapies or theories evolved in the USA during the 1950’s (McLeod, 2008). The theories to be dealt with are detailed in two categories which are Rogers’s Person-centred theory and Maslow’s Self-Actualisation. According to Weiten (2010) he emphasized that “person-centred theory is detailed in personality structure as The Self, Development of the self and Anxiety. Therapy could be simpler, warmer and more optimistic than that carried out by behavioural or psychodynamic psychologists” (Weiten, 2010).
Psychodynamic perspective: Freud 's theory focus on the relationship between conscious and unconscious mind. Human beings are driven by sexual and aggressive instincts, so humans not have free will. Freud said that mind is divided into three classes: id, ego and superego. The id is totally unconscious, it includes our basic instincts and biological urges such as sex and hunger. Also, it runs referring to pleasure principle aimed to satisfy our prime needs and avoid those painful things.
Sigmund Freud, thought to be the father of analysis, a strategy for treating mental illness furthermore a hypothesis which clarifies human conduct. As per him, dreams are the watchmen of our sleep. When we take off to bed for a night 's rest, we close out however much outside boosts as could reasonably be expected. Sigmund Freud investigated the human personality more completely than some other who got to be before him. Freud was a standout amongst the most powerful individuals of the twentieth century and his persevering legacy has impacted psychology, as well as craftsmanship, writing and even the way individuals raise their youngsters.
Freud’s theory emphasizes dreams are associated with desires that are distasteful to the conscious mind; therefore, they can only exist in bewildering forms so that the content of the dream would not cause discomfort in people. The theory itself has a significant number of opponents. The opposition suggests dreams are produced by the brain in response to the sensory information the body receives during sleep, and they have no connection to the person’s thought and mind. Interestingly, the results of both Freud and Ferenczi’s dream analyses on their patients have helped substantiate dreams have more profound meaning. In fact, Freud discovered the significance of dreams by studying neurotic patients.
Jung’s ideas on what the hidden messages behind dreams mean. According to Jung, “Our darkest dreams might contain imagery that illustrate our internal conflicts and point to their cure as well” (Para. 8). In order to test his theory, Jung experimented by dialoguing his fantasy and dream images as if they were real life characters in the day-world. Jung called this process “active imagination.” In his autobiography Memories, Dreams, Reflections Jung wrote in detail about his actual experience and how he merged his terrifying encounters with his psyche to create his lasting theories about conscious and unconscious ideas.
Second is the preconscious or the middle of iceberg, which consists of all which can be retrieved from memory. The final and most inner layer of iceberg is most important because it consist of all unconscious and hidden thoughts which are the real cause of most behavior. Sigmund Freud stressed the significance of the unconscious mind, and an essential assumption of Freud's theory is that it governs behavior to much greater extent than an individual can assume. Indeed, the goal of psychoanalysis is to make the unconscious
For Freud , humans consist of drive and impulses. Freud believed that the human psyche has more than one aspect. Freud (1923) saw that the psyche structure was actually in three parts, the id, ego and superego. The ‘id’ is the first part of the personality to develop.It is focused on the persons wants and needs. The
1. The actualizing tendency Rogers (1959) claimed that every human’s goal in life is fulfill their potentials, or in another words, actualizing (as cited in Jarvis, 2000, p. 62). Rogers believed that if the conditions and environment is good enough, people will fulfill their potentials and reach the highest level of being a human. Furthermore, Rogers claimed that every person has a unique potential and due to the personality differences, people will develop in different ways. Rogers (1961) claimed that self-esteem is very important in accordance with the self concept and self-esteem can be explained as the level of liking ourselves (as cited in Jarvis, 2000, pp.
INTRODUCTION Pyschologists have tried to explain the phenomenon that is personality in human beings. This resulted in theories that attempt to explain how personality develops and how we become who we are. This essay will focus on the Freudian theory (psychoanalytic theory) and the Jungian theory (neopsychoanalytic theory) and will compare and contrast the two personality theories as well as highlight the major theoretical similarities and differences using examples DESCRIPTION OF THE THEORIES The psychoanalytic Theory Although did not come up with the idea of the conscious and the unconscious mind, he was the one responsible for making the idea quite popular. He divided consciousness into three categories first the conscious mind which