Sigmund Freud's Psychological Development

In Freud psychosexual theory, the first stage is oral stage (birth to 1 year). During this sta ge the focus of pleasure is the lip and mouth. In this stage they mainly communicate through mouth with the society and the child is deeply depending upon the caregivers, hence they develop sense of trust through motivation of the oral organs. The second stage is anal stage (1 year to 3years).

The second stage is the anal stage. It occurs at the age of eighteen months to three years. Freud believed that in this stage children receive pleasure from holding and letting go of their bowel movements. Third is the phallic stage. It starts at age three and end around age seven.

Piaget 's theory of cognitive development is a broad theory about the nature and development of human intelligence. Although it is commonly known as a developmental stage theory, it also engages with the nature of knowledge itself and how individuals get to acquire, construct, and use the knowledge obtained. Piaget state that cognitive development is an advancing reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and experiences experienced in the individual environment. Children build an perception of the world around them, then experience differences between what they have known and what they find out in their surroundings. Apart from that Piaget argues that the concept that cognitive development is at the center of human

1. An intimate relationship between mother and child prior to the complex. 2. The child has already discovered the anatomically differences between boys and girls – some have a penis and some have a vagina.

Most people get headaches from time to time. But when they are frequent and severe enough to interfere with daily

But because the men in their lives have developed personalities make emotionally guarded, women want to have children to bond with. Thus, children 's psychological sexualisation endlessly reproduced. To develop the capacity to feed men, and break the cycle of sexual reproduction personality structures, psychoanalytic feminism recommend shared parenting after men learn to parent. Emotional and erotic power of women is released and made noticeable in cultural constructions of women, but they are separated from male dominated culture, which is still

i.) For Freud, sexuality is a term that is much broader than that of intercourse between male and female. He argues that sexuality takes many forms and shapes and that these forms are dependent on the sexual development during the infant years of life. Freud explains that sexuality is not simply the connection between genitals and pleasure but rather that it determines our behaviours and personalities due to infant sexuality which occurs between birth and the age of 6 and is described by Freud as the psychosexual stages of development. Freud therefore claims that sexuality is a concept which develops from birth and not at puberty as it is widely been claimed and for many years has been accepted.

Freud believed that the human psyche has more than one aspect. Freud (1923) saw that the psyche structure was actually in three parts, the id, ego and superego. The ‘id’ is the first part of the personality to develop. It is focused on the persons wants and needs. The

In other research such as shown in the film Transgender, there was a very young boy around the age of five or six who identified as a girl. She began wearing dresses and growing out her hair in order to appear more feminine. There were many cases such as this one where a child was born as one gender but identifies as another. In the cases involving younger children there is less pressure to make decisions but as they grow up and reach the age of puberty, this process becomes more complicated. A lot of the kids chose to take puberty blockers which basically pause all puberty hormones and slow the transition down in order

For example, if the children asked for a candy in a polite way, they will get praised for it and rewarded as a consequence. However, if they yelled and asked in a rude way, they would be punished for their bad behavior. In addition, the parents would have achieved another goal which is transferring an understanding to their children. Emotional identification, which is the second factor, is that children between the age of four to five will start to unconsciously think and believe that if their parents have a characteristic, they will also have it. (11)