Louis Althusser and Michel Foucault produced extraordinary where they explored issues and models for the reproduction of power. Though both these philosophers do not actually agree on how power and state operates they do come up with incredible arguments that are valid within our current society. Michel Foucault believes that the law within any society operates mostly at the supernatural level, thus he believes power lies within individual, unlike Althusser who believes that the state and its ideology has total control of its citizen due to its major branches. Althusser developed the most essential points of his analysis in his famous essay “ideology and the State’s Ideological Apparatus”. Althusser states that “the State is explicitly conceived as a repressive apparatus. The State is a ‘machine’ of repression, which enables the ruling classes (in the nineteenth century the bourgeois class and the ‘class’ of big landowners) to ensure their domination over the working class, thus enabling the former to subject the latter to the process …show more content…
Thus althusser believes that state derives it’s through these apparatus, these also use the ideological power to voluntarily submit masses. This voluntary submission requires the use of the mechanisms of discipline hence Foucault sense to assure the docility and conformity of people. These mechanisms are mostly used in for internal discipline mostly in families and schools; hence they are the most important mechanisms of the state. Althusser also notes the importance of these mechanisms as he sites that they are the main strongholds of the state control apparatus as individual are molded at a tender age and enslaved to certain
The first type of power seen in these two works would be the power of government. The second type of power identified would be the power of the people. Within the novel, F451, by Ray Bradbury and the song, “FTP”, by Public Enemy, the power of government is widely
The power of the government Paine believes should stem from the people. Rousseau, as well, believed strongly that power came from the people. “The government’s power is only the public power vested in it.” The Declaration of Independence holds words similar sounding “governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” The consent of the governed these are words that always held importance.
When he was showing how a political system, the state hold total authority over the society and took control of all aspects of public and private
Regardless of the government system, the people will always have the most power if they practice thought. In the novel 1984 by George Orwell, a totalitarian government is able to take full control over the citizens because of their ignorance. As the government began to grow stronger with the power the people were feeding them, the human race began to diminish. The new human race created by the government was called the Proles, they were unintelligent and unable to think for themselves by following the government. Relying on the government disabled them to practice thought and only knew what the government had taught.
In John Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government, Locke details the role of a government and the conditions under which it is just to resist one’s government. Locke asserts that the government’s duty is to preserve the rights and welfare of its subjects (Locke, 84). This shows that a government that doesn’t respect subjects’ rights is worthy of resistance, a concept still relevant today.
It is also noted in the book that, “In the highly controlled social world, the ability for the government to control the number of humans is important, as is the ability to control the function of those humans”
The difference between forms of the national administrations lies in the difference between limitations of the ruling powers and the difference in the subjects in which those administrations’ powers are engendered. In an absolutism alluding to any sort of tyrannical authorities, such as the Absolute Monarchy or the political system run by Adolf Hitler, the whole nation is managed by solely one person with lack of laws limiting his or her rules. Tired and frustrated with this kind of government, the principles of democracy is given birth to this world by the rebellious groups defying the Absolutism, and the government in this situation derives its limited powers from the citizens. In other words, in a democratic country, the citizens are the
In “Harrison Bergeron” he delineates how the coercive administrative forces confiscate the individuality of the subjects
Political philosophers: Jean Jacques Rousseau and Edmund Burke had quite opposing viewpoints, particularly on their political ideals. Rousseau and Burke’s perspectives on what the political system should be are directly influenced by the assumptions held in their personal beliefs on the origins of inequality. While they both articulate their positions, there is a lack of evidence and sustenance for the underlying assumptions in Burke’s argument of education and the social hierarchy, which is why Rousseau’s concepts are more compelling. However, when compared economically Burkes concepts have greater value. Rousseau's perspective in the Second Discourse initiated the discussion of inequality by distinguishing between the two types: "moral" or "political” or what is just called social inequality.
He begins stating an argument that the government rarely proves itself useful and that it derives its power from the majority because they are the strongest group. He states that people have the right of revolution and people’s top priority is to do what they believe is right, and
He justifies the need for democracy, aristocracy and monarchy depending on location. The three philosophers use their judgment and prior knowledge on each other’s work to validate an ideal society, especially for the uprising continent of America. Governments are an established institution in every society. Though there are multiple types of governments, their purpose is fundamental to determining the influence on a civilization.
The people’s supply and demand needs are all controlled and maintained by the state. This conditioning creates the complete reliance on the state, and allows the state to control how a person perceives the world and themselves, their social role in life, and ultimately any sense of a higher being. Not only does conditioning eliminate the concept of individual identity, but it also distorts the person’s view of the natural world. The state is driven by science and technology, but it is also the conditioned hate against nature that defines life in the World State. In the text, nature and consumerism are consistently expressed in conflict with one another.
1 INTRODUCTION Power and authority are the most important aspects of politics as such way of thinking comes a long way from the earliest thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle to mention few. They are the fundamental features of state in politics, focusing on who should have the power and authority over the people and who should rule them. During the time prior and after the birth of states, political authority has always been a major concern with regards to who should rule and how and who shouldn’t. Therefore this issues need to be addressed in a way that will at the end benefit the society. Plato is the thinker or theorist who came with addressing who should rule in a political environment in what Plato outlined that only Philosophers should rule.
(Young 2014:19). In addition, this framework implies that sociocultural complexity is the striking feature of the state – or, at least, characterises social groups that are in the process of becoming one. In his paper, Possehl goes against this view by
Louis Althusser (a French Marxist philosopher) in his theory of ideological state apparatuses claimed that families, peers, school and religion are the main factors that determine an individual’s role of the ideological state apparatuses. According to Althusser, these are the preeminent institutions that transfer and lead the existing hegemonic ideology of society into the minds of people, in order to be capable of controlling them. This theory can be easily associated and incorporated in mass