Situational Crime Prevention Case Study

Situational and environmental criminal prevention approaches to produce social changes in the specific characteristics of the environment that may cause criminal events to occur (AIC 2015:1). In a major research (Tonry & Farrington, 1995), it was found that ‘situational crime prevention is based on the premise that crime is often opportunistic and aims to modify contextual factors to limit the opportunities for offenders to engage in criminal behaviour ‘(as cited in AIC 2015: 2). In March 1988, Beborah Linsley’s case well shows that the evidence. She was ‘stabled to death in an empty train compartment on the Orpington to Victoria line’ (Valentine 1989: 385). In this case, Clarke (1997) early mentioned ‘under routine activity’ theory depends

Day et al. (2003) has further developed this argument that citizens understand ‘while policies designed to build more environmental approach, which includes situational crime prevention techniques and broader urban planning initiative, aims to modify the physical environment to reduce the opportunities for crime to occur’ (Crawford 1998; Hughes 2007; Sutton, Cherney & White 2008, as cited in AIC 2015:1). Urban design and planning initiatives try to ‘prevention crime through environmental design’ (CPTED) and renewal projects, which are crime strategies that involve modifying the built environment to create safer places that are less crime tendencies or people feels safer, such as by designing public spaces that encourage large numbers of users and provide greater natural surveillance (Bodson et al. 2008, as cited in AIC 2015:3). Thus, CPTED has a major influence on crime prevention policy and practice in Australia and in other parts of the world, and a number of states, territory and local governments now have specific planning policies that incorporate CPTED principles or guideline (Bodson et al. 2008, as cited in AIC 2015:3).

Kallus and Churchman (2004) argue that crime prevention deserves attention because there is also an ‘economic interest, with crime being too expensive for communities, jeopardising sustainable development and scaring away investment’ (198-9). For instance, Queensland Government (2014) urban planning environment should encourage our treasured, especially outdoor, lifestyle and assist us in our pursuit of greater social, economic and physical sustainability. It should provide us with safe, secure, vital and attractive places in which to lifestyle (page