Situational Crime Prevention (RCP) And Rational Choice Theory

Throughout the years, there have been several theories developed, in the field of criminology, seeking to explain crime and delinquency. Criminology is constantly evolving due to the political and economic views of society. Throughout this change,many theories were created, while other theories are proven to no longer be valid. Each theory whether valid or invalid, takes a different approach in its explanation of crime and delinquency. The question that many have tried to answer is, which theory has the most empirical validity and can best explain why individuals choose to engage in delinquent and criminal activity? According to the writer, the theory that best explains crime and delinquency is, Robert Agnew's General Strain Theory. The purpose

Aaron Hernandez is a previous NFL player for the New England Patriots. In 2013 Hernandez was discovered blameworthy of first degree murder. The next year he was likewise discovered liable of a double homicide. Why might a 40 million dollar rising star perpetrate such a wrongdoing? Numerous theories have been produced to clarify criminal conduct. While a few theories are not as regular, others have developed and are utilized as a part of numerous criminal reviews today. Cutting edge criminologists consolidate the most important aspects of sociology, psychology, anthropology, and biological theories to advance their comprehension of criminal behavior. Rational choice theory, psychological, biological, and strain theory are used to analyze the

According to the Twelfth Edition Criminology: Theories, Patterns, and Typologies, the rational choice theory states that the decision to commit a crime is formed by a human’s thoughts and emotions. It is a view of crime in which decision-making is taking place and the offender is to deal with the charges and benefits of an illegal act they committed.

Crime can be defined as an illegal action committed by people and that action is punishable by law. There are many reasons that drive people to commit crime. Some of them would be poverty, depression and other social and mental disorders. For this paper, I chose to write about the Greyhound Bus beheading case. There are many theories that would explain why Vincent Li (the murderer) committed the crime. Some of the theories that I chose to include for this case are the demonological theory, the classical and the strain theory of crime.

Why do people commit crimes? What goes through their minds before they actually commit a crime? These are questions asked from society to criminologist every time one decides they want to commit a crime. Criminologists has given us different crime causations, theories, to explain the answer to these questions. A theory is a speculation about how phenomena, behavior, or process are caused and what takes place after the cause is determined (Anderson, 2015). There are numerous theories that have evolved over time to explain why crimes are committed. These theories include anomie, strained, social control, and rational choice theory. In this research paper I will be focusing on rational choice theory. Majority of these theories focus on a macro-level, which is the largest, meanwhile some focus on a micro-level, the smaller level, depending on the circumstances. The purpose of this paper is to synthesize how rational choice theory is integrate with different crimes. The crimes included are burglary, white collar crime, and murder.

Past research of varying topics often leaves hole of areas that could be looked into further. The authors of Biting Once, Twice: The Influence of Prior on Subsequent Crime Location Choice, a research article that was published in the 53rd volume of Criminology, believed that the research of the past has completely ignored repeat offending and its connection to crime location choices. In the past the studies have only looked at single crimes per offender, or viewed multiple crimes as being committed by multiple offenders. This review of their research on repeated crime location will start with the coverage of their main research questions, research methods, and their findings. An analysis will then be given of their methods used, my agreement with the

Issue Presented: The use of rational choice theory, as well as labeling theory in regards to decision making and assisting in developing departmental policy.

The theory of Gottredson and Hirschi (1990) is the most popular theory in explaining crime. It originated from pure classical theory that people seek to enhance their own pleasure in committing criminal acts without special predisposition. As a whole, the theory is then called today as control theories which emphasize the prevention of crime through consequences painful to the individual in respect to their location and sanctions systems. The theory of Gottfredson and Hirschi became popular because they based it to the criminality of the individual in pursuit of self-interest in relation to self-control. The clear idea of self-control is that, people also differ in the level to which they are susceptible to temptation on the existence of social

The choice theory, as the name suggests, relies on decisions individuals make after weighing the positive and negative outcomes of committing certain actions, before the crime is actually committed. According to Siegel (2012), the choice theory is rooted in the school of Cesare Beccaria. Siegel (20120 also postulated that crime is a decision to violate any law and can be made for a variety of reasons such as need, thrill-seeking or vanity. Status offenders therefore have the choice to indulge in these activities and will engage them given they may not be caught– they do it for the thrill seeking. While those who choose to commit these acts because of peer pressure and bad influences, may become criminals when they turn adults. The social structure theory is the second theory that helps explain status offenses.

There is a widespread belief that violent behavior among the youth of today has reached a historically unprecedented high. The children in this photograph are being deviant and acting in a criminal manner. This essay will describe how differential association theory, social learning theory and strain theory relate to the children in this photograph and how their behaviors can be explained by criminological theories.

The effectiveness of criminal consequences can only act as a deterrent if the population they target is aware of its risks and consequences.

Assessment is designed to allow you to demonstrate your achievement of the module learning outcomes. In this module, the assessment regime is designed to enable you to reflect in a self-critical way on your learning as well as to demonstrate a range of knowledge and skills. Hence assessment is by means of a portfolio of coursework and a group oral presentation. What exactly you are required to do is detailed in the following paragraphs.

The focus of routine activity theory is to study crime as an event, highlighting its relation to space and time and emphasizing its ecological nature and the implications thereof (Cohen & Felson,1979). Routine activity theory explains the criminal event through three essential elements that converge in space and time in the course of daily activities, first, a potential offender with the capacity to commit a crime, second, a suitable target or victim and finally the absence of guardians capable of protecting targets and victims.

Economic approach to crime is least developed and utilized compared to other social sciences. Gordon Tullock in the article “An economic approach to crime” tries to bring in an utility aspect to understand the economic point of view by analyzing to areas of law- motor vehicle code violation and tax evasion. Before going into detail into the two broad categories (motor vehicle code violation and tax evasion), at the outset we need to make ourselves clear of what do we understand by 'economic approach ' to crime. As economic approach is least developed in this context, there is a lack of widely accepted theories or general definitions regarding crime. But one can conclude understanding of human behavior to be majorly undertaken from a utility

Situational crime prevention [SCP] is a comparatively new idea that services a precautionary approach by concentrating on methods to decrease the chances for crime. SCP attentions on the criminal situation and is dissimilar from most criminology as it begins with an inspection of the conditions that permit particular categories of crime. By ahead an understanding of these conditions, mechanisms are then presented to alteration the relevant situations with the goal of dropping the chances for specific crimes. Thus, SCP focuses on crime prevention rather than the punishment or else discovery of criminals and its purpose is to make criminal actions less appealing to offenders. SCP attentions on opportunity-reducing processes that: Are aimed at