ABSTRACT
In this paper skew detection technique for printed and handwritten devnagri scanned documents is proposed. It involves four processing steps like preprocessing, segmentation, skew correction and detection with enhancement which is use to identify writer. Segmentation is used to extract text lines and words from handwritten and printed documents. skew angle detection and correction is done in two steps. First step is dimension reduction and second step is skew estimation. After correcting the skew done the enhancement for the document for the exact image for the future work. The algorithms for the skew angle detection and correction with enhancement tested on the benchmarking datasets handwriting segmentation contest and outperformed
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The skew of the scanned document image specifies the deviation of the text lines from the horizontal or vertical axis.skew detection techniques involves four processing steps like preprocessing, segmentation, skew correction and detection with enhancement. Skew refers to the text which neither parallel nor at right angles to a specified or implied line. Character recognition is very sensitive to the page skew, skew detection and correction in document images are the critical steps before layout analysis. Skew detection is used for text line position determination in Digitized documents, automated page orientation, and skew angle detection for binary document images, skew detection in handwritten scripts, in compensation for Internet audio applications and in the correction of scanned documents. In Preprocessing it is necessary to modify the data in image. Preprocessing is the preliminary step it transforms the data into a format that will be more easily and effectively processed.The main task in preprocessing is to decrease the variation in the captured data that causes a reduction in the recognition rate and increases the complexities. The preprocessing stage is used to normalize and remove variations in the handwritten and printed text …show more content…
Line extraction techniques may be categorized as projection based, grouping, smearing and Hough-based. [10]. The proposed algorithms that address the above-mentioned processing stages come mainly from the fields of image processing, computer vision, machine learning and pattern recognition. Actually, some of these algorithms are very effective in processing machine printed document images and therefore they have been incorporated in the workflows of well-known OCR systems. Text line segmentation is a critical stage in layout analysis, upon which further tasks such as word segmentation, grouping of text lines into paragraphs, characterization of text lines as titles, headings, footnotes, etc. may be developed. Segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital text image into multiple segments. The goal of segmentation is to simplify or change the representation of an image into something that is more meaningful and easier to analyze. It will be divided in to three parts as for the segmentation of the text, Line segmentation, Word segmentation, Character segmentation.
3.3.1Line Segmentation
Line Segmentation is to separate line from the text document. Text line segmentation algorithm first detects the probable text lines and then segments the text lines in their actual order. The text line segmentation proposals commonly make two assumptions: Firstly,
Edge detection is widely used for detecting discontinuities in an image. Feature 7 is calculated in following way. The input face image is first converted
He uses actual line to define shapes such as the side of the mountain. He indicates depth by causing the area that is
Due to the personalisation, BMW can charge a higher price for their cars which means customers with a high level of income can purchase these cars. Geographic segmentation is when a business divides its market based on their geographical location. Examples include towns and countries. Multinational clothing companies such as ‘Next’ would use geographical segmentation to market their products to its customers.
I have now taken the Strengths Finder 2.0 assessment for the second time, and I am fascinated with the results. Not only for the differences that exist between the two assessments, but for also my most recent results. I first took the assessment in the Spring 2014 semester, about a year and a half ago, and in that time I have had an immense amount of personal growth. Therefore, I was very curious if my results would reflect the same. Not only did it reflect different strengths, but I believe that the results are more accurate than the prior assessment.
1.0 Brief description of the brand/product/products. Where are they sold/marketed? What is the target market? BRAND/ LOGO Figure: New Logo for Oculus by Cory Schmitz, Mackey Saturday, and Nicolaus Taylor
Both of Alfred Hitchcock’s films, North by Northwest and Rear Window, were great movies with lots of suspense. The suspense, however, would not have been created without the entire mise-en-scene of the movies. Hitchcock was a master at using the elements of lighting, sound, and cinematography to heighten the suspense in his movies. The first key element of mise-en-scene that played a significant role in both movies was lighting.
Answer: (a): Market segmentation is the first step in defining and selecting a target market to pursue and penetrate. Basically, market segmentation is the process of splitting up an overall market into two or more groups/classes of consumers. Each group of consumers is called as a market segment. Each group (or market segment) should be similar in terms of certain characteristics or product/ service needs. In business world, market segmentation is considered to be a most important tool in enabling marketers to better meet customer needs and requirements.
At some point of your life you meet very special people that carry very similar interests. This creates bonds that can be a very powerful and important part of your life. Some may say that bonds are created between a series of negative events that leads up to friendship. However, this is not true because in The Way, the main characters come together to walk the same path. Each character motivates each other to achieve the overall reason of why they wanted to walk The Camino De Santiago.
In the film Extreme Measures someone can find ideas of Secular Ethics throughout the film involving Utilitarianism and its basic tenets along with Kantian analysis. The basic tenets of Utilitarianism include the principle of utility, Hedonism, and the viewpoint of a disinterested and benevolent spectator. While the tenets of Kantian Ethics, which include good will, the formula of universal law, the formula of the end itself, and the categorical imperative. These basic ideas setup arguments for and against the Utilitarian ideas set up by doctor Myrick. In the film doctor Myrick makes the claim that it is worth the deaths of unwilling subjects in order to help/save the lives of millions.
Computers permit large amounts of data to be stored, either on the computer's hard disk or in portable diskettes. Data Manipulation and Processing Data manipulation and processing are performed to obtain useful information from data previously entered into the system. Data manipulation embraces two types of operations: operations needed to remove errors and update current data sets and operations using analytical techniques to answer specific questions formulated by the user. The manipulation process can range from the simple overlay of two or more maps to a complex extraction of disparate pieces of information from a wide variety of sources. Data Output Data output refers to the display or presentation of data employing commonly used output formats that include maps, graphs, reports, tables, and charts, either as a hard-copy, as an image on the screen, or as a text file that can be carried into other software programs for further analysis.
Purpose and process of market segmentation The purpose of segmentation is to allow the marketer to be better able to reach the consumer needs and wants which increases the positive responses for the brand. Segmentation is important during the promotion process, this is where the team decided who what and where as well as, age gender and things like buying patterns. Because of this, marketing g segmentation comes before targeting. By dividing the audience, it makes it easier to target exactly who and where to send the devices or what to do with their next model.
These concept is also known as STP (Segmentation, Targeting
According to TrackMaven, market segmentation is the process of dividing the market of potential customers into groups, or segments, based on different features. The created segment consists of consumers who will respond to the same marketing strategy and who share the nature of the same interests, needs, or locations. McDonald uses demographic segmentation as their main types of market segmentation. According to Sakshi Natani (2016), McDonald in Malaysia used mainly demographic segmentation, which divided in age, income, family-life cycle and social class.
The process of market segmentation involves the division of a market into groups of smaller size whose needs, behaviour and characteristics are distinct from each other. These smaller groups or 'segments ' may require separate marketing strategies. There are four major market segmentation variables namely behavioural, psychographic, geographic and
• Geographic Segmentation Geographic segmentation is differentiation of markets by region of the country, city, country size, market density and climate. The company can use this segmentation to create a more accurate profile. Dutch Lady had made the geographic segmentation in the Urban and Suburban in Malaysia. People live in the city have more income than the people live in the countryside.