Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), also known as Social Phobia, appears to be the best diagnosis given the client’s symptoms. The client, Diane, shows anxiety and fear of scrutiny through nervous episodes that she said exclusively occurs in social situations, which fits Criterion A for SAD in the DSM-5. The client reportedly fears acting in a way that will be negatively evaluated by other teenagers and adults (i.e. fear of looking stupid when ordering at a restaurant), which fulfills Criterion B for this disorder. The client avoids going places in fear of having to talk to people she is unfamiliar with, fitting Criterion D regarding avoiding social situations out of fear and anxiety. The client’s father has stated that
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CT is a type of psychological approach used as treatment for many different types of disorders such as anxiety or mood disorders. This approach focuses on the continuous assessment and self-monitoring of the individual, relaxation training, and cognitive restructuring. A specific CT plan that is well-known and widely used is proposed to be used on the client because this type of treatment will allow the client to work through her fears and anxieties. This was chosen over a biological approach such as an SSRI, because developed dependencies and high relapse rates are common in these. The proposed 7-step treatment plan would occur as follows: 1. Develop a model with client using her own thoughts, anxiety symptoms, attentional strategies, etc.; 2. Identify key safety behaviors and their adverse effects using role-playing with other patients. Have client interact in different social situations and have her try to figure out how to avoid using her safety behaviors; 3. Shifting focus of attention of client to an external social situation and have client self-monitor to see how she responds; 4. Show client video of her own safety behaviors and other times when she was socially anxious in order to show her how she actually looked; 5. Behavioral experiments where client has to learn how to deal with her feared social tasks; 6. Discussion about the …show more content…
One study from 2013 titled “Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder” shows support that CT will be an effective treatment in Diane’s case. This experiment looked at the treatment effects of both CT and Interpersonal Therapy (IPT). Participants were randomly assigned CT, IPT, or control group. The sample consisted of 67 patients, evenly split up between CT and IPT treatments. Participants in the sample had a primary diagnosis of SAD and were between 18 and 65 years of age and had to attend at least 7 treatments to be counted in the study. Individuals were given assessments to complete immediately before and after treatment, as well as a 12-month follow up assessment. Assessments consisted of self-report questionnaires that helped to track progress of overcoming social phobias, including assessing social anxiety, avoidance, and physiological symptoms. The CT treatment was based off of the 7-step treatment listed in the above section of proposed treatment. The IPT treatment was based off of the standard manual written and developed by Lipsitz and Markowithz (1996). This study measured success in gains, which was defined as a computer-generated score dividing pre-treatment to post-treatment by standard error; a gain was required to be above 25% of the before-gain-calculation-score. The researchers in this study found that 22.4%
Therapist met with the client for individual therapy at school. Therapist did a check in regards to symptoms, mood, thoughts, emotions, coping skills, the goals that he achieved, and behaviors since the last session. Therapist processed the client's negative thoughts. Therapist used open-ended questions to address any concerns the client may have. Therapist encouraged the client to keep motivated during the stressful time, especially when he has negative thoughts, which stats usually with negative thoughts, argue with his sisters, or with his aunt, or if he has been triggered by any internal or external thoughts.
This paper discusses two key content areas within the readings of Sands and Gellis (2012), and Thuile, Even, and Rouillon (2008) including reactions to the aforementioned readings. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
As referenced in CNS Drugs, there are two common forms of treatment, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Not all patients benefit form one or the other, there are times when it takes both methods working together to make progress. Psychotherapy alone may not work for someone with a severe case, they may also need the help of antipsychotics through pharmacotherapy, whereas, someone with a light case may benefit from psychotherapy alone. (Transition: However, medicine may not always be available when an anxiety attack hits and other tactics may be
Lesson 4 Behavior Therapy and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Retrieved from Riolearn.org: https://www.riolearn.org/content/bhs/bhs205/BHS205_INTER_0000_v5/lessons/lesson04.shtml?encrypted-sectionid=TWx6NjhieWJFZDVhREdSeWd5ZERqdz09 Smethells, J. (2012, December 5). Snake Phobia Behavioral (Exposure) Therapy. Retrieved from Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKTpecooiec References Last Name, F. M. (Year). Article Title.
In the short story “ in-glish” by Christina Tang-Bernas. It’s where the main character was young enough to learn english and to get rid of all the lingering Chinese accent. Also wondering if there was any Chinese still with her as she listens to herself speak. As she was on the playground she would try and say things to the other kids and it wouldn’t turn out how she wanted it to be. She wanted to take placement exams for math, and english, but the front desk person only asked about the english exam.
Generalized anxiety disorders affect many American adults aging from 18 years of age or older in a given year. The average age is 31 years old. Anxiety disorders belong to different groups with the highest prevalence among all psychiatric disorders while the range of 1-year prevalence of general anxiety disorder, according to data from World Health Organization occurs 2.4% in Shanghai to 18.2% in the United States (Cesir, 2012). GAD affects about 6.8 million American adults, including twice as many to women as men. The disorder develops gradually and can begin at any point in the patient’s life cycle even though the years of highest risk are between childhood and middle age.
There are two types of Psychotherapy, exposure and cognitive. Exposure is used to expose the person to their fear to help their body to mentally stabilize to the event while cognitive seeks to help individuals see the event in a more realistic way to make sense of the event and deal with it. There are also many prescription medications that can be prescribed to them to treat the high levels of anxiety, panic attacks and sleeping
Alyssa Dunnet Article Dissection 1 1) Bui, E., Hoge, E. A., Marques, L., Metcalf, C. A., Morris, L. K, Pollack, M. H., Robinaugh, J. D., Simon, N. M., & Worthington, J. J. (2013). Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation for generalized anxiety disorder: effects on anxiety and stress reactivity. J Clin Psychiatry, 74(8), 786-792. doi: 10.4088/JCP.12m08083. 2) Anxiety disorder is a serious disorder that is accompanied with severe worry and psychological hyperactivity. Although there are several medication used to help treat Anxiety, other may wonder what they can do to decrease the symptoms of anxiety naturally.
Behavior therapy was studied by Ivan Pavlov and his famous dog study in which dogs were conditioned to salivate upon hearing a bell. It was later continued to be studied by John Watson who has the famous “Little Albert” study in which an 11-month old infant was conditioned to be scared of fuzzy white things because a rat was paired with a loud noise. The conclusion of the two conditioning experiences was that, behaviors followed by satisfying experiences tend to increase in frequency and behaviors followed by aversive experiences tend to decrease in frequency” (Thoma, 2015). Watson’s assistant Mary Jones, used this principle to clinical applications reasoning that, “if conditioning could be used to induce a phobia, perhaps it could be used to undo a phobia as well” (Thoma, 2015). Thus, behavior therapy was developed and began being used for
Susan would appear to have at least five symptoms of a Social Anxiety Disorder: intense, disproportionate, and persistent fear or anxiety regarding social conditions (e.g., restaurant, daughters’ school, grocery store) where Susan could be exposed to public scrutiny; fear of being negatively evaluated by other people; anxiety is caused by exposer to social situations; avoidance of the feared social situation (she is ordering groceries online instead of visiting the grocery store were her most recent episode occurred); and significant distress or impairment (Comer, 2014). Note, while many individuals with social anxiety may experience panic attacks, Susan’s major concern is regarding a fear of negative evaluation by others, whereas in panic disorders the primary concern is about the symptoms of the panic attacks themselves (Comer,2014). Social anxiety disorder has begun to significantly impair her functioning in multiple areas of her life. She already begun to avoid the grocery store and this fear is generalizing to restaurants and her daughter’s
In phase two, the TAU group received the treatment and was assessed both before and after receiving it. The results from this were combined with those receiving MBCT in phase one and the two groups were followed up at three months. It was concluded that MBCT group in phase one had significant improvements and a decrease in anxiety while in phase two, both groups at three month follow up showed statistically significant improvements in both anxiety and depression. It was also concluded that the effect on depression/anxiety was brought about by self-compassion. Although the study was successful and showed positive results, it would be better to use larger sample size for the purpose of a substantial
2- According to Mayo Clinic the most effective type of psychotherapy is cognitive behavioral therapy. With this type of therapy, you are working up to confront the situation you fear most. Using role play to build confidence and become comfortable using social
Effectiveness is defined as the degree to which objectives are achieved and the extent to which targeted problems are solved; the ability to be successful and produce the intended results (Cambridge). Effectiveness is determined without reference to costs and means "doing the right thing" while efficiency means "doing the thing right". Various meta-analysis established the effectiveness of CBT in depression (Hans and Hiller, 2013); Social Anxiety Disorders, General Anxiety Disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Panic Disorder (Stewart and Chambless, 2009); Specific phobia (Wolitzky-Taylor, Horowitz, Powers, and Telch, 2008) in clinical settings. Findings from a meta analysis (Ebert, Carlotta Zarski, Christensen, Stikkelbroek et al, 2015)
DISCUSSION From the beginning, the therapist had to deal with own doubts and anxiety. The therapist had heard a lot about the psychodynamic psychotherapy but this was the first time he conduct the sessions by himself. Unlike pharmacotherapy, there is no standard clinical practice guideline or recommendation for the therapist to refer to or follow. The therapist was worried that he was unable to conduct the therapy effectively and his patient would not benefit from the therapy.
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. What is Social Anxiety? Social phobia or more commonly known as social anxiety disorder is a very familiar, impairing, but treatable disorder, which impacts the patient in various ways. It is the fear of social situations, and of being judged or evaluated by others around a person (Nardi, 2003).