Social Epidemiology Paper

The population health determinant is an ongoing discussion with the United States health care system. According to Knickman & Kovner (2015) social determinant of health (SDOH) are the “circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age, and the system in place to deal with illness” (Knickman & Kovner, 2015, p. 80). The peer-reviewed article I chose is a social determinant of health related to obesity. The ability to understand the realm of population health depends on understanding the environmental connections related to biological, behavioral, physical, access, and social determinant (Knickman & Kovner, 2015).

Robert Koch discovered tuberculosis in 1882. In 1870 Tuberculosis was a dreaded disease in the United States. Tuberculosis was known to be communicable and incurable. According to Maurer & Smith (2013), Tuberculosis was the primary cause of death among adolescent and adults. Physicians throughout the nineteenth century had recommended fresh air, rest, and healthy food (pg. 41). The following paragraphs will discuss what the communicable disease is and the demographic of interest. Also, discuss the determinants of health and how those factors contribute to the development of Tuberculosis. The epidemiologic triangle will be discussed as it relates to Tuberculosis. Furthermore, the role of the community health nurse will be explained. Lastly,

AS time went on the count of HIV/AIDS cases only grew in number. Included in this cases among blacks gradually grew and by the year 1996, more cases among black people were reported than any other race or ethnic group.

For my comparison, I’ll use the analytic epidemiology model. According to Stanhope and Lancaster (2010), this model investigates causes and associations between events and health, and has as a goal the discovery of the determinants of outcomes. In the movie, we can see a specific group of people, the male homosexual community, sharing common interests and characteristics. They went to the same places, such as the San Francisco bath house, had similar type of unsafe sexual behavior, they were from the same class, and later on develop similar type of clinical signs and symptoms that were characteristic of AIDS. In the movies’ case we can see a web of causality, in which many factors contributed to the negative outcomes that was seen, with many

While Jose and Jorge are identical twins, their lives could not have been any more different. They have different health determinants to their unfortunate diseases that differ from each other. The case study of Jorge and Jose emphasizes the idea that your zip code determines your health more than your genetic code. Just a quick reminder, Jose is the twin who grew up in a largely improvised family, while Jorge is the twin who grew up in an upper-middle-class family.

Health is the foremost need of every human being and there are various factors influencing it. Social determinants of health are the emerging topic in present scenario where they have to be considered to ensure good health to everyone. This essay shall focus on this aspect with a detailed description of SDOH in the first section followed by the reasons that exist behind considering income, housing and environment as the major factors. The last section shall deal with real time examples on such factors and their impacts on health conditions.

Health Status: According to the 2014 National Health Interview Survey, 13.5% of all African Americans have less than average health (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014a). Averagely, the African-American have higher prevalence of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension compared to the national ratio. Further study reveals that 48

The purpose of this paper is to talk about the health of my community. Throughout the paper, I will state long-term and short-term goals for two nursing diagnoses related to cardiovascular disease and lung cancer, as well as nursing interventions in an attempt to help improve the outcomes of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer in my community. Furthermore, I will talk about goals of Healthy People 2020. The summary of the above-mentioned diagnoses will conclude this paper.

For 40 years, many African Americans in Alabama that were infected with syphilis were left untreated as part of an experiment to determine how “different” syphilis affected blacks. This was an orchestrated even by the United States Public Health Service, and other organizations; whose job is to protect the public. Syphilis is a highly contagious infection spread by sexual contact. If untreated, it can cause bone and dental deformations, deafness, blindness, heart disease and deterioration of the central nervous system.

Nurses are the most risk of needle-stick incident compared to other healthcare workers. In fact, nurses tend to be exposed 4.27 times more often than physicians. A study in Pakistan revealed that in addition to very high rates of NSIs, low safety practices including inadequate vaccination coverage, unavailability of infection control guidelines and other preventive facilities were reported. Other studies found that injuries from contaminated needles and other sharp devices used in healthcare settings have been associated with transmission of more than 20 different blood borne pathogens to nurses such as hepatitis B and HIV .In Gaza strip, a study conducted by Eljedi reported that 66% of health care workers

Social causation of disease is described as the origin of illness that results from social environment, social interactions, or social factors. On the other hand, biological factors are not the only cause of disease as social causation and presume that social factors such as socioeconomic status (SES), religion, and social networks have an effect on the severity of illness and mortality. The idea that social interaction and culture play a major role in the causation of disease has been present in social thought since the discussion of the interaction between politics and mortality. Social causes of disease can be divided into fundamental causes and proximate lifestyle causes ( Link & Phelan, 1995). Nevertheless, causes of illness can directly

I have always wanted to pursue a career related to the medical field, and it wasn't until my freshman year of college that I encountered the area of public health. I was immediately drawn to the specific area of epidemiology and infectious diseases. I am now a junior at the University of Texas majoring in Public Health with a concentration in microbiology and infectious diseases. I find epidemiology so enthralling, as it is implements ways in which we can scientifically and statistically describe diseases and the mortality/morbidity as well as predict how and why they spread. More so, I think the infectious disease aspect is interesting as well, because while the United States has shifted from burden of infectious disease to that of chronic

Needlestick injuries are injuries due to exposed and improper use of needles or sharps. The ANA in 2010, commemorated the 10th anniversary of the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act, which improved protection against these injuries that expose health care workers to potentially deadly blood borne pathogens. These injuries, unfortunately, are still occurring today and far too often. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in March 2000, estimated that approximately 62-88 percent of sharps and needlestick injuries are preventable. Health care workers that handle sharp devices or equipment like scalpels, sutures, needles, phlebotomy devices or blood collection devices are all at risk but nurses are at a very high risk for being exposed to these preventable injuries which exposes them to numerous bloodborne pathogens especially deadly viruses such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV/AIDs. Needle-stick injuries may occur when disposing needles, collecting and disposing of materials used during patient care procedures, administering injections, drawing blood, or handling trash or dirty linens where needles have been inappropriately discarded. The CDC estimates that over 1,000 hospital-based health practitioner (HP) sustain injuries from contaminated needles and other sharp devices during the delivery of patient care everyday.

Ministry of Health. “In 2007 the number of AIDS cases increased 45.04%.” Chinese Nutrition. October 2008. 15-15. Print.

The health education progragmme should be focus on the population at risk. The prime objectives of health education is to provide information, make awareness and mobilize peoples to practice good health related aspects to keep them safe and sound. In resource poor community, where lacks proper sanitation and hygiene, health education can bring life style changes (Smits, 2009; Knopp et al., 2010; Bieri et al., 2013; Gyorkos et al., 2013; Al-Delaimy et al., 2014). The health education intervention should be cost effective and option should be best for the community, so that they must adopt and, this will help to retain the achievements obtained through preventive chemotherapy (Knopp et al., 2010; Bieri et al., 2013).The people