During the new south period many groups gained new freedoms. African Americans in particular gained the right to vote, and citizenship, but that wasn't the end of the racial injustices they faced. Jim Crow laws prevented them from interracial marriage, using white only utilities, and many other things. Furthermore, Anti-Semitism troubled the Jewish population. Finally riots broke out between whites, and blacks such as the riot of 1906. While many reforms happened during the new south period, many people were still struggling against social injustice.
One of the best examples of social injustices in the south were the Jim crow laws. Specifically, the fact that the supreme court ruled that blacks were given political rights, but not social rights. Thus, many governments passed a series of laws called the Jim Crow Laws that unfairly stopped blacks from doing many things such as using white only utilities. To make matters worse, the legislators at that time believed in white supremacy. One, John Gordon, was the leader of the Klu Klux Klan. These laws, and intimidation groups made it harder for blacks to exercise their rights.
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One Day Mary Phagan was found dead in the cellar of a pencil factory strangled to death. There were two suspects, the janitor Jim Conley who was seen washing out a bloody shirt a few days after the crime, and the last person to admit seeing Mary alive, Leo Frank. In the case, the evidence, letter found written to Mary Phagan, didn't add up to it to the murderer being Leo Frank. However, he was still prosecuted without proper evidence, and sentenced to death. Then, Frank contacted the governor, who on his last day, changed his sentence from death to life imprisonment. But, Frank never made it to the prison. He was taken in the middle of the night and hung at Mary Phagans
Blacks were also prohibited from expressing their freedom of speech and testifying
Leo Frank was only considered guilty of this murder because of Jim Conley’s testimony, a few coincidences, and passionate persuasive content on the audience. If Conley’s testimony was correct than he was the last person to see Mary Phagan alive. The third suspect came later, Jim Conley. He was the black sweeper in the National Pencil Company. He was not considered a suspect until someone witnessed him cleaning red stains out of his clothing in the back of the factory.
After this act was passed, violence against blacks began to rise at the hands of the Ku Klux Klan or the KKK. They destroyed black buildings such as churches and school and attacked activists for African American rights. This made people fear for their lives. Whites were angry that blacks were equals. It is amazing that this was only 53
During the beginning of Reconstruction, Congress passed the 15th Amendment which stated that the right to vote will not be denied to anyone no matter their race, color, or previous servitude. It also states that the Congress has the right to enforce this amendment if it is not being enforced by the state governments (Doc E). That Amendment made it possible for blacks to vote for the first time ever in American history (Doc A). Since African Americans were able to vote, they voted to be represented by fellow Freedmen in the Senate and Congress (Doc B). Then, a group called the Klu Klux Klan, “dedicated itself to an underground campaign of violence against Republican leaders and voters (both black and white) in an effort to reverse the policies of Radical Reconstruction and restore white supremacy in the South” (www.history.com).
The amendment, ratified on July 9, 1868, attempted to guarantee African Americans full citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws. For instance, Thomas Nast’s political cartoon titled “Worse than Slavery” depicts the Ku Klux Klan joining forces with another white supremacist group called “White League” to terrorize blacks and keep them in conditions not much better than slavery (Document N). Performing their work at night when it would be harder to get caught, terrorist organizations attacked African Americans and sometimes even deprived them of their right to live by murdering them. Due to the fear of the people, many KKK members were not convicted and were allowed to perform their mischief freely, thus violating the equal protection of the laws promised by the amendment by favoring them over blacks in the law aspect. In addition, one of the Jim Crow laws passed in Tennessee in 1873 decreed that “White and colored persons shall not be taught in the same school, but in separate schools” (Document H).
After Reconstruction, African Americans faced many social, political, and economic issues. The years following the Reconstruction continued to create tension between African Americans and whites. In the south African Americans were still not given the same rights as whites. With this tension, came social, political, and economic issues. During this time, African Americans faced social adversity.
Throughout the 1890s, Southern states enacted the “Jim Crow” laws, which were very similar to the Black Codes. These laws made it illegal for blacks and whites to share public facilities. Schools, hospitals, restaurants, even drinking fountains were segregated. By 1910, blacks were no longer allowed to vote in the south. These laws stayed in effect up until the 1960s, when the civil rights movement launched an all-out campaign against them.
During the Reconstruction Era, the South found loopholes in the legislature passed by the north that worked in their favor and complicated people's views on Reconstruction. For example, Sharecropping put black field workers into an endless circle of debt, essentially making them slaves again (Document D). The 13th amendment outlawed slavery, but Sharecropping was just a little sneaky idea that white plantation owners uses to get their labour back. Things like the grandfather clause, poll taxes, and the literacy test prevented blacks from being able to vote, a right guaranteed in the 15th amendment (Document H). These things were directed at blacks, and were rarely given to whites, and were only legal because there were no laws against them.
The Reconstruction allowed many opportunities for African Americans. During this time many African Americans were able to vote, black American citizens were denied the right to vote but because of the constitution this was a violation. Illiterate African Americans began to go to school to receive an education, black leaders came about. Many of them became delegates that were elected this, however, led to a fear of African American dominance, and a Southern backlash caused African Americans Their civil rights. Southern whites did not agree to this and tried everything in their power to prevent it from happening.
Here are some examples, most southerners still hated the federal government and the north, this caused some tensions between them. The sharecropping system was a legal form of slavery that kept blacks tied to land owned by rich white farmers. This didn't do anything but make things worse for the blacks. The supreme court decisions weakened the power of the 14th amendment by allowing Jim Crow laws, this caused limiting civil rights and continuing segregation. Jim Crow laws prevented many african americans from voting until the 1960s, giving african americans not much
Prior to the passage of the amendments, the African American slaves were discriminated against because of their race because the white men believed that they were superior to them due to the idea of Social Darwinism. In this policy, the white men thought that they were more evolved than the African Americans. The discrimination continued after the ratification in the institution of Jim Crow laws (legalized with Plessy v Ferguson) in the south which advocated for separate but “equal” treatment for the freedmen. The freedmen also were faced with racial violence through the actions of the newly formed Ku Klux Klan who tried to further their racist goals through intimidation. Racial discrimination did not end following the ratification of the new
5th Hour Cause and Effect Essay Jim Crow laws The Jim Crow laws were unfair and unjust to all African-Americans by making them unequal. The Jim Crow laws are laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. It used the term separate but equal, even though conditions for African Americans were always worst than their white counterparts. They could not eat at the same restaurant as white people, they could not used the same restrooms, and they couldn't even use the same drinking fountain.
Since the government did not enforce standards on the southern states to protect African American’s rights, Jim Crow laws ruled in the south for the white people to limit black prosperity and maintain white
The state of Mississippi passed controversial laws in 1865 to assure that whites were a step up from African Americans. The basic human rights were guaranteed to blacks but other rights were denied such as the right to vote, hold office, and to intermarry with whites. There were two Laws in particularly that caused the most outrage. Those two horrific Laws were called the Apprentice Law and the Vagrancy law. The Apprentice Law and the Vagrancy Law allowed whites to utterly make change impossible for blacks and the oppression of “freed” slaves continued on throughout the time these Laws were
The new laws that the government had set in place made lives for black people very difficult at the time. When this law was put in place, the differences between blacks and whites were very clear. Whites got preferential treatment, just for being white whereas blacks had to struggle with daily