3. Phase 2: Partial Social Policy (1953-1970) 3.1 Overview of Social policy in Phase 2 Since 1950s, the colonial government began to highlight the importance of social policy planning. In this phase, there were some modest improvements in social policy and a slight departure from the traditional residual social policy. Though the degree of improvement was not tremendous, it could be considered as a milestone of the social policy development in the history of Hong Kong, in terms of education, public housing and medicine. 3.1.1 Education In Phase 2, the education goal of the government was to have primary education for all children by 1961. Yet there was still a shortage by 1961. Although the government tried to improve the education level …show more content…
First, the British government had a lowered fear of Hong Kong being returned to China. After the surrender of Japan in the World War in 1945, the recovery of Hong Kong was not the first priority of China to concern with because she was preoccupied with the fighting with the Communist forces. The victory of the Communists in the civil war further lowered the fear, as taking back Taiwan was superior to the recovery of Hong Kong for the Communists. At the same time, there was a change in Britain’s attitude towards maintaining Hong Kong. Its willingness to keep the colony was more strengthen at the moment. Troop reinforcements were sent by the British to Hong Kong during the Korean War to avoid invasions by the People’s Liberation Army. Moreover, during the period of time in Phase 2, in order to oppose the spread of communism, Britain became a “worthwhile ally” to the US in a strategic partnership. The British thus saw more long-term benefits of keeping Hong Kong, which had become a “fortress colony” against communism. Therefore, there was an increase in the tendency of the colonial government to invest more resources in improving the social welfare of Hong …show more content…
The colonial government intended to increase the public expenditure in the social welfare fraction. From 1974 to 1975, the money spent on social welfare was increased from 212.5 million to 350.5 million. It was thus well known as the ‘”golden era” for a comprehensive development of social policy in Hong Kong. Additional to the three aspects improved in Phase 2, which were education, public housing and medical services, there were also involvements of voluntary association. The degree of expansion of all the four aspects was much more greater than that in Phase
The war of independence was fought from 1775-1782. In the beginning, it was largely believed that Britain would be successful. However, the Americans proved to be victorious in the end, overcoming many challenges that were thrown their way. The biggest threat to their independence was simply the strength of the British.
The Korean War was a war between communism and democracy of the two separated Koreas. In 1950, the Korean War, a war supported with allies from all over the world, began when North Korea invaded the South. Canada, one of the significant allies of South Korea, was of major importance when defending the South from the communist North. Many Canadians believe that Canada's contributions during the Korean War were forgotten, while others argue that Canada’s significance in the war is commemorated. The purpose of this essay is to answer the statement; “Examine Canada’s contribution to the Korean War”.
Since the progressive movement was all about beating down the political corruption of the party bosses and political machines. And since Mrs.Roosevelt was the face for the government, you would image there would be lots of chaos and controversy surrounding that. With her extreme power she was able to spread what was happening. She had brought up Social reformers such as Jane Addams and W. E. B. DuBois who argued that education and intervention could improve the lives of the underprivileged. Making their names more noticeable and crediting them for what they have done.
Teddy Roosevelt proved not only to be an economic reformist but also a social reformist as he transitioned from trust-busting into directly benefitting and protecting the lives and wellbeing of consumers. Before any reforms took place, however, Roosevelt noticed that American meet was being shut out of European markets due to it being unsanitary. This problem along with Upton Sinclair’s novel, The Jungle, drew the major problems of sanitation and working conditions right to Roosevelt’s eye. Therefore, in an attempt to correct this problem, Roosevelt with help of Congress passed the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 which said that the preparation of meat would be inspection by the federal government when transferred over state lines. This act not
These trends throughout the post-WWI era define the growing associations between China and the revolution forces of Ho Hi Minh that would eventually result in the expulsion of the Japanese and French colonies in Vietnam. These factors define the close ties between Chinese military and ideological support, which would ultimately lay the foundation for the
Parliament voted in April 1840 that a British ship be sent to China stating their demands. Compensation for seized opium, end to Cohong monopoly, and the right to occupy and island of the coast to use as a base. This was the first of the unfair treaties. By June, a British expeditionary force had arrived on the Chinese
Agriculture was a major part of most Chinese people’s daily life and they were satisfied with their lives. Many people did not want to be influenced by industrialization and the western ways of Europeans. This did not matter to the Europeans however, as they wanted the silk, tea and porcelain that was only coming from China. According to Tao He’s article, British Imperialism in China,
Social Welfare Policy and Child Protection – Strength and Limitations Since last two decades Canada being experienced softer and harder forms of neo-liberal economic impetus (McKeen, 2006). Many of these reforms targeted social benefits and divided marginalized people into deserved and undeserved category (McKeen, 2006). At a large level, social policies are shaped by the exploration of dominant ideas about a social issue. Existing political views and the interest of the dominant policy community are predominantly influencing policy making (McKeen, 2006). The mainstream discourses for solutions of social problems and policy outcomes are increasingly underrepresented and narrow down the focus of social welfare in Canada (McKeen, 2006).
China’s healthcare has been through a roller coaster of reform, impacting the health of every citizen throughout history. The country has endured many impactful changes with the large shifts in power, eventually leading to its current healthcare system today. The Cultural Revolution of China was a starting point, with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) taking power in 1949. The CCP implemented a health system reflecting the Marxist communist ideology. Health care was universal.
In many countries living in extremely poor conditions, not only is basic health an issue but also the lack of education. Although it is a necessity, “more than 72 million children of primary education age are not in school and 759 million adults are illiterate” (Rights to Education 1). The deprivation of education should be taken serious if a change is wanted. People need to become aware of how important education is and the benefit that it has.
The estimated years to recover and bring Korea’s society out of the after effects of war was substantially long. However, in just 50 years, South Korea is one of the leaders of the world in terms of international market and technology. (Montserrat, 1996, p153) South Korea was able to see a miracle like this one thanks to the highly nationalistic attitude possessed by the Koreans.
2. What attributes of the effective practitioners in public welfare did you see in Tim’s dealing with Fannie Mae, Jolene, and the boys? Social welfare addresses the general well-being of individuals and families; social workers oversee national programs and systems that deliver social, health and public welfare services, which are intended to enhance the person’s quality of life and to help him or her, achieve the desired standard of living. According to Romanyshyn and Romanyshyn (1971), social welfare can be viewed as the “first line support to enable individuals to cope successfully with a changing economic and social environment and to assure the stability and development of social institutions” Tim display attributes of genuineness,
Ho Chi Minh emphasized the necessity of the Chinese to resile out of Vietnam as he referred to the last time the Chinese stayed in
The human development index proves that countries where children with few years of education are overall less developed. South Korea’s recent transformations shows how important a strong education system truly is. Thirty years ago it was a low income country with 78% of it’s population illiterate because only 40% of children were able to attend secondary school. After the country decided to invest money in their education system, all children had to opportunity to attend secondary school, thus their economy skyrocketed.
According to Dr. Jose Rizal “Ang kabataan ang siyang pag-asa ng bayan” that’s why education should be plan wisely. Having a good quality of education is having a powerful community; if people in the community are educated then economy will be better. If we want to have a better economy of coarse we should have knowledge and skillful graduates that industry needs. To meet the goal we must improve our education system and the key to that is to implement and support k-12 K-12 was implementing starting 2011 and by 2013 president Aquino signed the k-12 into law, adding 3 years to country basic education curriculum.