In cognitive behavioral therapy, it is believed to downplay the emotions of clients. It lacks the focus on determining the underlying unconsciousness in the clients and due to this fails in relating the client’s past with the present experiences. Since it entails confrontation, this therapy may witness cases of termination, as most clients may not cope with its expectations (Fall & Holden,
The socio-cultural approach to psychological disorders examines the cultural and sociological pressures on an individual and how they affect them. Societies often have expectations and standards that individuals are expected to adhere to. Sociocultural therapist look to examine how the rules and expectations of groups of peoples effect its members. Failing to meet these standards can result in depression. A study by Kara L. Kerr looked into the socio-cultural influences of body image and the effects it had on adolescent females and depression.
Research findings also point to the effectiveness of non-pharmacological and psychological treatment (14, 15, and 16). The literature suggests that it is particularly important to assess the co-morbid presence of mood/anxiety, thought or personality issues in the selection of patients for group treatment (8). One of the common methods of treatment that can have enormous applications in the field of psychological disorders is dialectical behavior therapy. Dialectical behavior approach is a cognitive-behavioral treatment that was coined first for borderline personality disorder (17). This approach integrates interventions of cognitive behavioral therapy (that based on changing) whit eastern philosophy of Zen techniques (that based on acceptance) and raises its intervention based on four components (18).
It is said that our thoughts and behaviour, as human beings, are influence by people around and the social influences in which a situation occur. Therefore the different aspects of our behaviour is as a result of the ecological model, which is the; individual, family, school, community, society and the culture. The interactions and the impacts between an individual and the ecological model are integrated in the study of social psychology. Social psychology is a scientific discipline that seeks to understand the nature and causes of human behavior in the social environment. Therefore focus on the factors that influence people to behave the way they do in the presence of their social, and it also examines the circumstances under which certain
• Social Cognitive Therapy According to Sue et al (1997:350) this form of therapy makes use of a psychodynamic styled approach in treating an individual’s depressive state by working on their social skills with others. In achieving this, the methods used in other styles of treatment, such as mental-habitual remedial treatment, are applied. The rationale associated in this type of treatment is that depressive states of mind take place as a result of social situations, in which the need to deal with certain conflictions and problems need be sorted out amicably. At this level the individual is provided with an internal look at what the conflicts are and how they need be resolved. This is done by teaching the clientele how to establish issues
Unfortunately, Self-actualization is not acquired in all societies, but if present, it reflects positive vibes in one’s self. The cognitive perspective focuses on the mind’s nature and how mental processes influence the behavior. It also explains the study of mental process that incorporates the cognitive perspective. The environmental category groups two perspectives: behavioral and sociocultural. The behavioral theory identifies how the external environment governs and shapes the actions of the individual, which are ultimately not innate.
Which has contrasting views from the behaviourist and psychoanalytic approach’s, humanistic approach believes in free will and individuals different opinions. It gained credibility for its belief, that to gain a greater understanding of psychology, research should be applicable to humans rather than other animals. (Talman 2010) Maslow’s, the pyramid approach, the hierarchy of need became one of the strengths of the humanistic approach. People in society today can relate to this approach. They can understand that you could not self-actualise if you were homeless.
Abnormal Psychology: An Intergrative Approach (7 ed. ): Cengage Learning. Dickinson D, R. M., Gold JM. (2007). Overlooking the obvious: a metaanalytic comparison of digit symbol coding tasks and other cognitive measures in schizophrenia.
Literature Review Social cognitive theory, also known as social learning theory, “a theory of learning that focuses on changes in behaviour that result from observing others” (Bandura 2001 as cited in Eggen,Kauchak, 2013). According to Simons(1994, p.43) Social learning Theory is the view of psychologists who emphasize that behaviour is learned through experiences with the environment and that cognitive factors influence learning. Albert Bandura is the theorist behind this psychological theory. According to a survey conducted in 2002, Bandura was ranked as the third most frequently cited psychologist of all time (Eggen,Kauchak, 2010). Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes the roles of beliefs, self-perceptions, and learner expectations (Eggen,Kauchak.2010).
The psychodynamic approach acknowledges that people are often complex and paradoxical beings. More specifically, the four premises of the Clinical Paradigm acknowledges the complexity of an individual’s subconscious, asserting that understanding motives and reasonings will aid in foreseeing and controlling them (Northouse, 2016). Another concept, the behavioural approach and more specifically task behaviour, will aid in helping me understand how I address tasks relating to academics. In addition, as the behavioural approach is also composed of looking at relationship behaviour which pertains to how one feels about themselves, I believe this is also relevant. The final concept most useful to me is the concept of adaptive leadership.