Softening Point Lab Report

DETERMINATION OF SOFTENING POINT

STANDARD IS: 1205 – 1978.

DEFINITION

Softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of test.

APPARATUS

• Standard Ring and Ball Apparatus.

• Steel balls 2 No, each 9.5mm in diameter and weighing 3.5 + 0.05 grams.

• Brass rings 2 No, the rings shall be tampered and shall confirm to the following

 Depth: 6.4 + 0.1mm

 Inside diameter at bottom: 15.9 + 0.1mm

 Inside diameter at top: 17.5 + 0.1mm

 Outside diameter: 20.6 + 0.1mm

• Thermometer capable of reading temperature up to 0 to 250 0 C.

• Water bath should be a heat resistant glass vessel not less than 85mm in diameter and 120mm in depth.

• Stirrer shall be manual or mechanical

EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND RESULTS: Tabulate the data in the given Test Data Sheet. Values should be rounded off to the nearest 2 C when reported.

VISCOSITY TEST

Main principles:

Saybolt viscosity - Efflux time in seconds of 60 ml. of sample flowing through a calibrated orifice under specified condition.

a. Saybolt Universal Viscosity “SUV” Determined using an orifice of (1.76 ± 0.015) mm in diameter used for lubricants and distillates with efflux time greater than 32 sec. and less than 1000 sec. The viscosity value is reported in Saybolt Universal seconds, abbreviated SUS, at a specified temperature.

b. Saybolt Furol Viscosity “SFV” Determined using an orifice of (3.15 ± 0.02) mm in diameter used when “SUV” value is greater than 1000 sec. The viscosity value is reported in Saybolt Furol seconds, abbreviated SFS, at a specified temperature. The “SFV” is approximately one tenth the “SUV”. U

APPARATUS:

1. Saybolt furol viscosity test assembly

2. Receiving flask,

3. Thermometer

4. Stop watch Fig:5.3 Saybolt furol viscosity test

PREPARATION OF APPARATUS:

1. Clean viscometer and receiving flask thoroughly with appropriate

Fill the bath to at least 6 mm. above the over flow rim of the viscometer, the bath media used is water or oil for test temperature less than 98 P ᵒPC and oil for higher test temperature.

PROCEDURE:

1. Establish and control bath temperature.

2. Insert a cork stopper at the bottom of the viscometer.

3. Preheat the sample to not more than 1.7P ᵒPC above test temperature, and 28 P ᵒPC of its flash point.

4. Stir the sample and strain it through sieve No. 100 directly into the viscometer.

5. Stir the sample in the viscometer with the thermometer, use a circular motion at (30to 50) rpm in a horizontal plane. Remove thermometer when the temperature remains constant within 0.03P ᵒPC of the test temperature during one minute of continuous stirring.

6. Place the tip of the withdrawal tube in the gallery at a point and apply suction to remove oil until its level in the gallery is below the over flow rim.

7. Place the receiving flask in its proper position.

8. Snap the cork and start the timer.

9. Stop the timer the instant the bottom of the oil meniscus reaches graduation mark.

10. Record the efflux timer in seconds to the nearest 0.1 sec. This will be the viscosity.