Economic optimization of solar power plants using load flow algorithm and RBF neural algorithm
Alireza Malek Ahmadi
Abstract- In new energy sources, solar energy as a source of endless energy can provide a high percentage of the energy required. Thus, most recently with the construction of solar power plants, energy from the sun takes place. However, the main problem in the construction of the power plant is economically feasible. Hence, there are different parameters and criteria according to which the economic efficiency of a solar power plant can be determined. The purpose of this article is to provide optimal load distribution using an algorithm able to build a solar power plant feasibility of further increase. Using load balancing algorithm,
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As far as the excessive use of these resources increases the amount of water vapor, CO2 and SO2 will be. The most important risks resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels can be environmental pollution, the greenhouse effect, climate change and acid rain have been reported. Therefore, efficient use of energy in the process of economic development has always been considered as an important goal of sustainable development. To avoid the impact of these disadvantages, renewable energy or sustainable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and geothermal energy can be used [1].
The most important applications of solar energy can be photo-biological systems, photochemical systems, photovoltaic systems and heating-cooling systems, including water supply systems, heating and cooling of buildings, fresh water supply, transport and pumping systems, production systems, green space (greenhouses) and solar ovens, cooling systems and solar dryer. To start, the solar industry is capital-intensive. So the problem of the main obstacles in the way of public investment, the use of solar energy is considered
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Non-linear equations The total reactive power injection system constitutes the active power loss, so we can write: It is observed that the active power losses is always positive, because the absolute value of the difference angles are less than 90 degrees and the cosine function within this range is always positive. Total reactive power injection will be reactive against losses means: However sinus function is observed that this amount can be positive or negative. Potential losses are a function of voltage and voltage angle. The only difference between angle of voltages in the presence of phrases like always there for directions. The difference is the angles of active power flow. On each bus is set 6 variables Load forecasting methods
Network load prediction for different methods out there that these methods, different in appearance but the basis of the performance of the overall equality of the law, and they often predicting the future trend of the times and it is based on the process parameters of impact on it in the past. The relationship between the two model specifies the process
For this experiment we utilized varying forms of Ohm’s law (V=IR), rules for resistors in series (Rtotal=R1+R2+…) and parallels (1/Rt=1/R1+1/R2+⋯), and Kirchhoff’s Junction Rule (ΣIi=0). For these models we assumed that the DMM’s produced accurate readings
We observe the network throughput (in Mbps) by varing the following four parameters: (i) The numer of UE, say $N_{ue}$. (ii) Per UE's CBR traffic data rate, say $R_{cbr}$, in unit of kbps. (iii) Per UE's random walk speed, say $V_{walk}$, in unit of km/hr. (iv) The transmission power of the SeNB, say $P_{senb}$, in unit of dBm. The proposed traffic scheduler works every 100 TTIs, i.e., we set $I_t=100$ ms.
Let $x(t)=(x_1(t),\ldot,x_n(t))$ be the concentration of the species on the instant $t$. Consider the representation of a chemical reaction network in terms of differential equations, \begin{equation} \frac{dx_i}{xt} = f_i(x), \:\:i=1,\ldot\n \end{equation} The point of interest is to determine if the system admits multiple positive steady states. Therefore, figure if the following equation admits more than one strictly positive solution, \begin{equation} f_i(x)=0, \:\:i=1,\ldot\n. \end{equation} Consider the matrices $A$ and $V$, and the parameters $\kappa$, that correspond to the constant rates of the reactions, such that $$f(x) = A(\kappa\circ x^V).$$ The method implemented uses this representation of the polynomial map $f$ and infers
• Linear; basically arranged out in a line, has a single cable joining all of nodes. If on node breaks down the whole system breaks
1. Traffic control: As the data communication is the most energy-consuming part of the wireless sensor networks by decreasing the amount of traffic, energy can be saved. To distribute traffic effectively from a central node to other nodes, investigations are still needed in the network. 2. Preserve the traffic load balancing:
5. Public trials and executions serve as a deterance of deviant behaviors. These sanctions act as a way to set an example and for people to see what will happen to them if they do the same thing, These sanctions can also be seen as reinforcing boundaries. Although public executions and trials in “town square” are not as common in most countries today, the media is utilized to fulfil the same purpose. When there are high profile cases going on in the United States often tmes the full trial and sentancings are televised so that much of society can see what the repercussions are for defying a social norm.
1. Explain how observed teleconnection patterns can help in the preparation of a seasonal weather forecast. Teleconnections are interactions, for example a warmer or cooler tropical Pacific will likely influence rainfall amounts in California, and these interactions between widely spread regions are identified between statistical correlations (Ahrens 2015, p.270). Forecasters are aided by these interactions to produce statistical correlations between widely separated regions of North America. 2.
VI. SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS In this section we explain our simulation framework for assessing the performance of our proposed QoS-based CR-WMSNs routing protocol. Afterwards we describe different simulation results representing the efficiency of the proposed QoS-based MAC protocol. A. Simulation Framework Our CR-WMSNs simulator has been developed based on OPNET [31].
In addition, the current drawn by the shunt resistors is not regulated. As a result, the cell voltages are not fully regulated
Career Episode 3 Scenario – 1 XYZ Ltd has the specialty to build and provide the maintenance for Underground communication equipments and recently they received the signal boosters having the problem with DC power supply and gain. You are working as a technician and your manager asked you to write down the report by testing two circuits and devices below by using different testing procedure and provide the detailed observation. P1.1 Your report/observation must contain the following information. 1) Test the semiconductor devices used in the both circuits in figure 1 and figure 2. 2) Record the measured voltages, currents at different points and suggest about correct functionality.
A change in Na+ or K+ conductance would affect the resting membrane potential by changing the difference
As big data things continue to grow in this modern era, today we can learn how to predict or assume anything that will happen in the future with data from the past. This studies known as Predictive Analytics. Predictive analytics combine methods from machine learning, data mining and statistics to find meaning or pattern from a huge volume of data. Tom H Davenport, a senior advisor at Deloitte Analytics has broken down three primer models on doing predictive analytics: the data, statistics, and assumptions.
It is commonly known throughout human history that the energy used is burned from coal which creates biomass. During the Industrial Revolution, coal was an essential need to everyone, hence the discovery of oil as a substitute. Yet, the mass formation from the unearthing of oil causes more damage than benefits for the planet. Humanity had never seen a more compatible source in which came a higher demand for oil. As the public has urged to generate more oil, scientists theorized that fossil fuels will eventually run out, making way for a renewable energy route in the future (Mason).
INTRODUCTION A smart grid is a power network which is based on digital technology is used to supply power, via two-way digital communications. A smart grid system allows for monitoring, analysis, control and communication within the supply chain and helps improve efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost, and maximize the transparency and reliability of the energy supply chain. The smart grid was introduced with the aim of overcoming the weaknesses of conventional electrical grids by using smart meters.
Instead of burning fossil fuels that will be depleted within short generation, alternative energies such as the wind turbine or solar panels needs to be implemented to sustain and care for the resources that remain. The concept of reducing our Carbon footprint in the world is the more modern way of looking at sustainable living, in which the World realises humans have not used resources wisely. By looking at the changes over the past centuries, an International network of scientists have unanimously concluded that human society is altering natural functions in three fundamental ways. And consequently, they were able to define four basic conditions that must be met if we want to maintain the environmental services that sustain human society.