Solar Photovoltaic System Using Solar Energy Essay
Simulation of Solar Photovoltaic System using MATLAB and XILINX
A. Tirupathi Rao
Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE,
G.M.R Institute of Technology
Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India tirupatiraoa@gmail.com Abstract:
Solar energy is the most abundant available source of energy in nature. This solar energy is a renewable energy source used for the production of electricity. With the present technologies improving day by day the solar energy will be getting more focused. In this paper the solar photovoltaic (PV) system is modeled and simulated. The solar power output is controlled using the boost converter (DC-DC converter). The change in the solar power with the changes in environmental conditions, especially under
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When power required is more than delivered by a single cell, cells are connected to form module. PV modules are grouped to form PV array for high power applications. The photovoltaic systems applications are used in stand-alone configurations and grid connected configurations. The photovoltaic system applications are used in street lighting, power plants, electric vehicles, water pumping, hybrid systems, domestic lightening, military and space applications etc.
The technology improvement of the PV cell makes the PV array more reliable. The PV generation systems have two major problems. One is the non linear characteristics of PV cell which makes the electrical power generated vary with solar irradiation and temperature and the other one is low conversion efficiency of solar energy into electrical power. The P-V and V-I curve of the solar cell consists of only one point called the maximum power point. The system is to be operated at this point to get the maximum efficiency and produces maximum output power. In order to find the maximum power point of the system maximum power point techniques (MPPT) are used.
II. WORKING OF PV
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The input of boost converter is fed from the PV array and output is connected to load. MPPT block receives Vpv signals from PV array. The output of MPPT block is series of pulses. These pulses are given to boost converter. The converter operates based on these pulses generated by the controller. The output of solar array will be changed depending upon the change in the solar irradiance.
The changes in the solar irradiance cause the solar array output to vary. This variation in the solar PV array power will also make the boost converter output power to vary. The varying output power cannot be applied to the load. In order to make the output power constant, the switch of the boost converter is controlled using the maximum power point technique. The MPPT Perturb & observe (P&O) technique is used to obtain the maximum power point of the PV array. Among the MPPT methods, (P&O) is chosen for its simplicity and good performance. The MPPT technique applied with PID controller is used to control the MOSFET switch. The MPPT method will make the output remain operating at maximum power point. The controller will produce the pulses for the MOSFET of the boost converter. The pulses are produced based upon the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. The controlled voltage is compared with the reference triangular wave. If the actual voltage is greater than the reference wave then the pulses is produced otherwise the
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