Even though it is an essential skill in language learning, for learners of second language, learning speaking in the target language is difficult, and the question here is `What makes speaking difficult? `, and Brown (1994) states that speaking needs some skills to say the language items fluently in chunks instead of words with the correct pronunciation and with adequate numbers of language items to accomplish the intended goal of conveying a message. Speakers also need to use the fillers not to break the fluency of the speaking when they hesitate or think about what to say. Additionally, it is important to use the grammatical parts of a language such as nouns, verbs, conjunctions in accordance with the body language and facial expressions to convey the goal message successfully. Another essential skill of speaking is to know what to say in different circumstances, situations considering the people that you are speaking with.
Language as a communication tool in order to fulfill human nature as social beings that need to interact with others. In line with the development of science and technology, people are required to have good language skills. Someone who has the adequate language skills would be easier to absorb and convey information both orally and in writing. Language skills consist of four aspects, namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Students must master the four aspects to having a good acquisition of the language.
For this reason, in this study, the researcher focused on speaking, as thought to be a challenging skill among the language learners in terms of producing grammatically correct sentences. Various language teaching methods or techniques can be used to achieve the success according to the purpose of language learning. However, from the point of improving speaking skill, the inquirer benefited from the developing communication technology in this research paper.
2.1. Speaking Speaking is one of the most difficult parts of learning foreign language. The mastery of speaking is one aspect that most all learners eager to master. Consequently, learners often evaluate their success in language learning as well as the effectiveness of their English course on the basis of how much they feel they have improved in their spoken language proficiency. But, Many learners struggle when speaking in front of a class or a teacher.
Everyone needs to learn the English language in order to get in touch on an international level. Speaking English helps us to communicate with people from countries all over the world as it is the language of politics and diplomacy, science and technology, business and trade. In fact, as it is so dominant in international communication, we find more information regarding nearly every subject if we can speak this language. Communication requires integration of all language skills: speaking, listening, reading and writing, of which listening is of primary importance as it is one of the fundamental skills in language acquisition. It's no wonder that in recent years the language teaching profession has placed a concentrated emphasis on listening, as it is considered to be a major component in language learning and teaching.
Language is a way of expressing ideas and gives us the extraordinary ability to describe the contents of our thoughts. Familiarity with ways that help us to learn a language is very important. In the process of learning a Language many skills work together to create a link between a speaker and interlocutors. These skills generally taught and assessed in terms of the ‘four basic language skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. All language learners will need to develop their skills in each of these sections.
1.3 Part Two: The Speaking Skill 1. 3.1 The Defintion of Speaking Speaking is one of the productive skills of English, it goes side by side with all language skills. According to the Oxford (2009) Pocket Dictionary speaking is “the action of covering information, or express ones thought and feeling in spoken language”. Through that skills people can express their ideas, thoughts, and opinions about the world, and have an easy way to communicate with others either directly or indirectly, it is like what has been stated by Brown and Yale (1989:14) that of, speaking expresses need-request, information, service,etc. Mackey (2007:13) defines speaking as “an oral expression that involves not only the use of right patterns of rhythm and intonation, but also right order to convey the right meaning”.
The evaluation depicts the students’ competence of English language in a whole and per material. Through speaking, Liao (2009, p.12), by reference form Harmer, stated that student could learn all of the language skills that were interested and interacted by each other with communication wuth their teachers, classmates, other school friends and people in their society. The english speaking skill is also significant to be learned since it enables students to share their thinking in serving information, and so achieve success and posses sufficient capability in communicating through word in real life. The speaking of english language are also used in students’ interaction on modern era
Speaking is one of the four language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking). It is the means through which learners can communicate with others to achieve certain goals or to express their opinions, intentions, hopes and viewpoints. In addition, people who know a language are referred to as ‘speakers’ of that language. Speaking is used twice as much as reading and writing in our communication. If the right speaking activities are taught in the classroom, speaking can raise general learners' motivation and make the English language classroom a fun and dynamic place to be.
Both are the essential parts for learning a foreign language. Both listening and speaking are linked to each other. If a student wants to be a good speaker, he needs to be a good listener first. There are certain ways to improve these skills like keep on reading a lot of things in that language because “when we read in a foreign language, we usually subvocalize, in other words, we make the sounds in our heads, which helps to improve listening”(Kaufmann, 2017, para 4). Talking about my own example, I used to speak with myself and with the mirror because I didn’t have anybody with whom I could talk and improve myself.