Sprague Dawley Strain Case Study

DHA was purchased from Swanson Health Product, North Dokota, USA, as capsules; each provides 250 mg of pure DHA. DHA was diluted in corn oil, with equivalent amounts of oil given to all animals in the control group. Animals Studies All procedures with animals were performed in accordance with the Public Health Service Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and Georgia Regents University guidelines. Twelve week old male Sprague Dawley rats were purchased from Harlan Laboratory and used in the current study. There group of rats were used in our study (n= 6–8 rats/group) as follows Control-group received vehicle (corn oil daily) for 2 weeks, VPA-group received VPA alone (500 mg/kg PO, daily) for two weeks and VPA+DHA-group received VPA (500 mg/kg PO, daily), followed by DHA (250 mg/kg PO, daily) for two weeks.

Complete elimination of an oral dose of haloperidol takes 4 weeks. Five days after the administration of haloperidol, approximately 40% of the dose of haloperidol will be excreted in urine and 15% will be excreted in the faeces. Approximately 1% of the haloperidol administered will be excreted, in urine, in its original

The P2 tube was then placed in the refrigerated centrifuge at a speed of 15,000g for 30-60 minutes at 4°C. 1ml of the homogenisation buffer was added to the P1 pellet and was vortexed to resuspend it. The supernatant was then removed from the P2 tube and placed into a micro tube labelled ‘S’. 1 ml of the homogenisation buffer was added to the P2 pellet and placed on ice. The pellet was then resuspended again by adding small quantity of glass beads and it was vortexed vigorously until the pellet has disappeared from the bottom of the

Twenty tablets were weighed accurately and powdered. An amount of the powder equivalent to 5 mg of amoxicillin trihydrate (content of one tablet) was dissolved in 60 ml of diluent. The solution was stirred for 10 min using a magnetic stirrer and filtered into a 100 ml volumetric flask through 0.45µ nylon membrane filter. The residue was washed 3 times with 10 ml of diluent and then the volume was completed to 100 ml with the same solvent. This solution was diluted with diluents to gae a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml solution each of Amoxicillin trihydrate.

SAMPLE REQUIREMENT: Type of specimen: Serum (Blood collected in Plain tube and centrifuged to separate serum). PRINCIPLE OF TEST: In the presence of a strong base such as NaOH, picrate reacts with creatinine to form a red chromophore. The rate of increasing absorbance at 510nm due to the formation of this chromophore is directly proportional to the creatinine concentration in the sample and is measured using a Bichromatic (510,600nm) rate technique. To correct for non-specific reaction caused by serum/plasma pseudo-creatinine chromogens, including proteins and ketones, the results for serum or plasma are corrected by -18 μmol/L (-0.2 mg/dL). (2, 4, 14-18) Alkaline pH (NaOH) Creatinine + picrate red chromophore (absorbs at 510nm) EQUIPMENTS & APPARATUS: Siemens Dimension® clinical chemistry analyzer (X pand and RxL Max) Flex reagent cartridge, Assay Cups, tips, pipettes.

Quantification and trypsin digestion of polypeptides Protein concentration was estimated by Bradford assay, and 100µg of total protein from each sample was subjected to in-solution trypsin digestion to generate peptides. Initially, treating the sample with 5µl of 100mM dithiothreitol in 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate for 30 min at 60ºC and alkylation with 200mM iodoacetamide in 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate at room temperature for 30 minutes reduced the protein disulphide bonds. Proteins were then digested with 4µg of sequencing grade-modified trypsin (Sigma) in 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate by incubating overnight at 37ºC. The trypsin digestion reaction was stopped by 1µl of 100% formic acid. The digested peptide solutions were centrifuged at 14000

The characteristic feature with DOXh therapy is the appearance of red color of urine within the first hours to days after administration. Studies carried out by (Yesair et al., 1972), 10-20% of the drug is excreted from feces within 24 hrs while next 40-50% is excreted within 7 days. For pegylated liposomal DOXh (Doxil® or Caelyx®), most of the drug is cleared with an elimination half-life of 20–30 hours (Gabizon et al.,

For investigation of treatment effect 21 days after the alfalfa solution administration, blood sample of all animals prepared and Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (Chol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), glucose, the liver enzymes aspartate transaminase(AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were measured at the end of supplementation period in all studied groups. Histological studies After a 3-week experimental period and the last blood sampling, the whole pancreas and liver was removed after sacrificing the animal and was fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. Sections were cut and stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histological examination(10). Statistical Analysis: Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Between-group comparisons of biochemical factors were carried out using Kruskal-Wallis test.

21 Fresh semen samples were diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to 2x106 sperm/mL. Fifty µL were incubated with 100 µL lysing reagent for 15 seconds and then 2 mL of PI was added and mixed with tube. Tube acquisition was done by flowcytometry immediately after staining. The intensity of its emission corresponds to the DNA content. Flowcytometric analysis displays a constant and characteristic bimodal nonartifactual DNA pattern indicating the presence of two different populations.

ANIMAL SELECTION Male albino rats were purchased from authorized supplier of Jabalpur, M.P. weighing 150-200 g. The animals were allowed free access to commercial rat pallet diet (Lipton India ltd. Mumbai ,India) and water add Libitum . Rats were housed in a group of six in clean cages at 250C and 12 hours photoperiod with relative air humidity of 30 to 60% . All the experimental procedures were carried out accordance with committee for the purpose of control and supervision of experiments on animal guide lines . PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF DOSES All the doses were prepared in distilled water using 2% tween 80 as suspending agent.