States Of Matter Study Guide
1. States of matter
• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. According to the kinetic theory of matter, all matter is made up of atoms or molecules which are in continuous random motion. It is represented by a model called kinetic molecular model of matter.
• The different state of matter (solid, liquid, and gas) have different properties.
• This difference could be explained based on how individual atoms or molecules are held together in a matter.
• The following table summarizes properties of solids, liquids, and gases, and identifies the microscopic behavior responsible for each property.
Properties Solid Liquid Gas
Shape Fixed shape No fixed shape, takes vessel shape No fixed shape, takes entire container shape
Molecular
…show more content…
• Diffusion is the process of spreading out of molecules due to its random motion. Diffusion in liquid occurs at much slower rate compared to gas.
• Rate of diffusion of gas depends on o Gas density (denser gas has slower diffusion rate) o Temperature (higher temperature causes faster diffusion)
4. Pressure, Volume and Temperature of Gas Particles
4.1. Pressure
• Explanation: o The gas particles collide with one another and with the walls of the container. o While the particles strike and rebound on the walls, a force is exerted. o These large numbers of collisions produces a measurable total average force on the walls. o Assumes that the molecules are moving randomly in all directions, the force per unit area, which is pressure exerted by the gas, is equal in all directions.
4.2. Volume
• Tthe gas particles are distributed evenly to occupy the space of the container.
4.3. Temperature
• Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of particles as particles move faster.
5. Relationship between Pressure, Volume, and Temperature
• Mathematically, these three quantities are related by the
Alka Seltzer Test Lab Report
761 Words | 4 PagesAll matter is made of particles called atoms. An atom is smallest unit of matter. A matter can be solid, liquid or gas. When a group of atoms bond together this makes a molecule. The molecule is the base of chemical compounds that is involved in chemical reactions.
U4a 1 Study Guide
667 Words | 3 Pages• Liquid- is able to move past each other. • Gas- move quickly and are able to spread apart from one another. 5. Bulb thermometers contain mercury and/or alcohol. Mercury and alcohol grow when the temperature is heated and shrink when it cools.
History Of Atom Dbq
375 Words | 2 PagesAtoms DBQ Atoms make up every object , substance, and material we know of(O.I). An atom is the smallest particle an element can be divided into. An atom has a complex structure, and the knowledge we have of it has changed many times throughout history. This tiny maze of parts has helped us learn important ideas about the structure and study of microscopic particles(O.I).
Gatorade Vs. Water
138 Words | 1 PagesA phase of matter is a uniform with respect to both its physical and chemical properties. Matter undergoes phase transitions that change from one phase to another. A state of matter is a form that matter can take such as solids, liquids, gases, and even plasmas. There are some other states of matter that appear under extreme conditions but these are the main ones you use in your everyday lives. For example, imagine you have gatorade and water.
Why Gases Behave Non-Ideally In High And Low Temperature
482 Words | 2 Pages1. The reason that gases do not behave non-ideally in high and low temperature is because they don not follow the ways of the Kinetic molecular theory. B. Vander Waals equation is applied to the ideal gas law because when the volume is increase in a gas the molecular volume causes it by subtracting the noble gas, which is the number of moles of the gas. 2. Liquids with strong intermolecular forces have a high surface tension and viscosity because the surface tension is defined as a resistance of a liquid, which is spread out increasing the surface area.
How Do Atoms Change Over Time
362 Words | 2 PagesLook around, animals, tables, pens, all have one thing in common. They each are made of matter and matter is made of atoms (OI). The atom is the basic building block of all matter. It is the smallest unit of all matter. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of atoms.
The Fourth State Of Matter Summary
606 Words | 3 PagesIn “The Fourth State of Matter” Jo Ann Beard portrays a perspective of the shooting of the physics department at the University of Iowa that not everyone knows about. A look at the relationships and some of the tension with the shooter and the people the shooter interacted with. The man responsible for the shooting at the University of Iowa was a Chinese doctoral student who worked in the physics department with the people he had shot, and the shooter was referred as Gang Lu. Ever since Lu had been working there, he had never enjoyed the company and presence of his fellow co-workers.
Avogadro Research Paper
165 Words | 1 PagesIf you connect this to the statement above it means that no matter what the gas the particles all take up the same amount of volume
Avogadro's Gas Law
543 Words | 3 PagesInterestingly enough, Boyle's gas law, Gay-Lussac's gas law, and Avogadro's gas law are connected in a way similar to how branches are connected to a tree. If the Ideal gas law can be considered the 'trunk' of the tree, then Boyle's, Gay- Lussac's , and Avogadro's gas laws are the 'branches'. To better understand this analogy, it is important to understand how each of the laws can be derived from the Ideal Gas Law. Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvin, assuming that the amount of gas and the volume of the gas remain constant. The equation for Gay-Lassac's law would look something like: V = T k, where V is volume, T is temperature, and k is a constant.
Avogadro's Law
681 Words | 3 PagesSimply put, when a gas is heated, its particles gain more energy and the volume is forced to increase. A new temperature scale is introduced for these laws. The absolute temperature scale (T) (Kelvin temperature scale). T(K) = temperatureºC + 273.15.
Diffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
819 Words | 4 PagesThe size of the pore matters as well. Diffusion is when the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an low area concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water
Evaluating Boyle's Law
187 Words | 1 PagesIn this experiment, we successfully verified Boyle's law and the equation of state for an ideal gas. When plotting L vs. 1/P, figure 1, we could calculate the number of moles of gas in our system which resulted in .10757 mol. In addition to the number of moles, we are also able to calculate the volume of the gas which included gas contained within the bottle and hose and that resulted in .002374 ± 0.21 m3. When dealing with ideal gases, we assume that the gas has no interaction with other gases. In this experiment, it was a safe to make such assumption since our gas was atmospheric gas and it was maintained at a constant temperature of 295.5
Gas Laws: Part Three Major Aspects Of Diving
1095 Words | 5 PagesP=KC Graham’s Law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density under given conditions of temperature and pressure. (Rate Gas A)/(Rate Gas B)=√(MMGasB/MMGasA) Dalton’s Law states that the total pressure of a gas in a container is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases in the container (Helmenstine, 2013). P_T= P_1+P_2+P_3+⋯ Combined Gas
Hydrochloric Acid And Sodium Thiosulphate Lab Report
1539 Words | 7 PagesThis means there might be slight variation in the temperature of the substances used for the experiment. Temperature affects the rate of collision by adding or lessening the amount of kinaesthetic energy for particle collision. Thereby affecting the rate of reaction. Wait for substance to adjust to room temperature before use. Container, the container affects the surface area and the number of particles that are exposed to each other
Descartes Wax Analysis
403 Words | 2 PagesAnother example would be water, water can be a liquid, a gas, and a solid. These are all appearances but they all contradict each others appearances. If
More about States Of Matter Study Guide
Alka Seltzer Test Lab Report
761 Words | 4 PagesU4a 1 Study Guide
667 Words | 3 PagesHistory Of Atom Dbq
375 Words | 2 PagesGatorade Vs. Water
138 Words | 1 PagesWhy Gases Behave Non-Ideally In High And Low Temperature
482 Words | 2 PagesHow Do Atoms Change Over Time
362 Words | 2 PagesThe Fourth State Of Matter Summary
606 Words | 3 PagesAvogadro Research Paper
165 Words | 1 PagesAvogadro's Gas Law
543 Words | 3 PagesAvogadro's Law
681 Words | 3 PagesDiffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
819 Words | 4 PagesEvaluating Boyle's Law
187 Words | 1 PagesGas Laws: Part Three Major Aspects Of Diving
1095 Words | 5 PagesHydrochloric Acid And Sodium Thiosulphate Lab Report
1539 Words | 7 PagesDescartes Wax Analysis
403 Words | 2 Pages