On December 28th, 2010 a member of the Aryan Brotherhood was sentenced to an outstanding 450 month prison term in Crane, Texas (ABC15, 2016). To further put this court decision into perspective, 26 year old Steven Scott Cantrell was fated to servfe a 37.5 year sentence that would result in him being released after he is well into his mid-60s. Cantrell was found guilty for hate crime charges that stemmed from a series of racially-motivated arsons in December 2010. He was involved in setting fire to a historic African-American church and the attempted murder of a disabled black man (ABC15, 2016).
According to the Texas Justice Department, Steven Cantrell set fire to the Faith in Christ Church as part of an effort to murder the disabled African American man, who wished not to be identified by the media during the investigative process, in particular. This individual was said to have been living inside a shelter located in the lower level of the church. Cantrell observed the disabled man passing by the building in his wheelchair moments before the incident (Morlin, 2011). Cantrell ransacked the church, wrote a series of threatening and racist messages in large letters on the wall of the church adjacent to the pastor’s office, then used graffiti to “tag” the exterior of the building with Aryan Brotherhood
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This incident is related to a series of racially-motivated arsons he had committed earlier that day (Department of Justice, 2011). As previously stated, Steven Scott Cantrell was only 26 years old at the time of his conviction. Unlike the three middle-aged Aryan Brotherhood members mentioned earlier in this report, Cantrell had no authority within the organization and his motives for committing these hate crimes were not solely based on allegiance to the brotherhood. His ultimate goal was self-motivated; he wanted to gain higher rank and power within
Summary of Source The editorial discloses the power that the Court adheres to and whether it should be accountable for the decision making of fugitive slaves. The writer had discussed that in no way did the verdict of the Dred Scott case follow an act of law, but was merely “nullity.” During the settlement, they decided that since Dred Scott’s master had brought him on free land in Missouri or of the United States without having a citizenship, which resulted in him having no case. It continues on to say that the jurisdiction of the case was influenced by opinion, which did not involve any legalities.
Government paper The Texas prison system is a very cruel cutthroat system that has many problems And racial issues. The system is deeply embedded in the state’s budget, but also in its political, cultural, and social fabric and impacts the lives of millions of people. From the wrong the accused, actual criminal and racial profiled African Americans and hispanics to the wardens, prison guards, judges and politicians who work on or for the prisons. Through his Book “Texas Tough” Robert Perkinson shows an effective argument against how Texas is using the prison system as a way to control and unethically treat African Americans and other minorities just like they did from 1870-1965 with the jim crows laws through the criminal system by using statistical evidence, Historical evidence, and Historical pictures of african american prisoners being treated like slaves by the Texas prison system.
At the age of 16 years old Alonza Thomas, a typical teenage boy, was given a 13 year sentence for second degree armed robbery. It all started when he ran away from home; his mother was upset with him so he left to avoid dealing with the problem. He met someone while trying to find a place to stay and he offered him a place to sleep and some hot food. When Alonza had finally decided it was time for him to go home and face his mother, they demanded that he repay them somehow. They held him at gun point, making it apparent that they weren’t going to back down if he went against what they wanted.
Black communities in the south changed the status quo through the construction of black churches and schoolhouses that would be the center of communal activities. The black community repressed their enslaved past and self-empowered their communities in the post-emancipated world. White vigilantes saw these actions as a threat, thus created violence by “…burned down black churches and schoolhouses and drove off repugnant teachers and minsters.” These black community centers were a threat of the Ku Klux Klan even though it was in the beginning stages of growing in power. The assembly of the black communal centers became a crucial tactic of the Klan members that took advantage to implement violent methods of torture to a large group of African Americans.
White supremascists Shawn Berry Lawrence Russell Brewer and John King started a major racial controversy by murdering James Byrd Jr. It came as a shock to people when, for the first time in history, the press bothered to notice the lynching of a black man in Texas, society was astonished that they cared with such passion and vigor. Many American citizens found this appalling considering the country’s indifference to racial violence. Had it not been for the lynching of James Byrd Jr., the Hate Crimes Prevention Act would not exist, therefore countless acts of brutality would take place because there would not be any rules or resistance impeding them from committing the crime.
Once setting fire to an oversized cross in the middle of the city, they marched to a house occupied by a black man and a white woman. They carried the woman away and warned the man never to walk in the streets with a white girl again. Only one man was found guilty by
In her book, The New Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander who was a civil rights lawyer and legal scholar, reveals many of America’s harsh truths regarding race within the criminal justice system. Though the Jim Crow laws have long been abolished, a new form has surfaced, a contemporary system of racial control through mass incarceration. In this book, mass incarceration not only refers to the criminal justice system, but also a bigger picture, which controls criminals both in and out of prison through laws, rules, policies and customs. The New Jim Crow that Alexander speaks of has redesigned the racial caste system, by putting millions of mainly blacks, as well as Hispanics and some whites, behind bars
But one problem that African Americans still face is the unfairness of the American prison and criminal justice system. The United States holds the title as the highest prisoner population in the world. With African Americans account for less than 12% of the United States, they still make up a large portion of the U.S prison population. Black people are incarcerated at higher rates than whites, despite being equally susceptible to committing crimes as whites. The American prison and criminal justice system has a long history of racial discrimination towards African Americans which can be supported through examples of unjust laws, disproportionate incarceration rates among different races, the and cases of African Americans being unfairly persecuted for crimes they didn’t commit.
The Color of Justice There are countless injustices in America’s judicial system because of racism, whether it be subconscious or completely conscious. The racism deeply embedded within the American Judicial System needs to be radically reconstructed. Racism has to be recognized and then legally obliterated in order for African American men and women to ever receive a fair treatment by our justice system. The same subconscious racism that results in unfair and prejudicial treatment by judges and juries starts young, at home and in schools.
Profile Samantha James is a white 13yr old Female currently in the 7th grade with above average intelligence. She was born to a single, active duty mother. Her biological father was severing in the military in a foreign country and until she was four she had no contact with him. She was abused repeatedly for six months, by the man that her mother was dating, when she was two years old while her mother was at sea as a navy cook. She was removed from the home and placed in foster care.
Racism has redesigned itself to adapt to our society today– it’s known as mass incarceration. Bryan Stevenson, a Southern lawyer for underprivileged people who were harshly sentenced or wrongfully condemned, takes us on his personal, extensive journey through the cruel criminal justice system. Over the course of Just Mercy, he gives historical context, statistics and personal anecdotes to shed light on the huge issue of mass incarceration and its brutal effects. Stevenson’s overall argument is that the criminal justice system’s use of harsh punishment perpetuates violence instead of discouraging it. Instead, we should use mercy and empathy to rehabilitate these individuals because it is “strong enough to break the cycle” of suffering and cruelty.
Annotated Bibliography Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York: The New Press. Alexander opens up on the history of the criminal justice system, disciplinary crime policy and race in the U.S. detailing the ways in which crime policy and mass incarceration have worked together to continue the reduction and defeat of black Americans.
The New York Times Bestseller book, Just Mercy, entails true accounts of a young African- American lawyer, Bryan Stevenson, about the unjust criminal justice system of the United States. Stevenson embarks on sharing his first- hand encounters of racial prejudice and corruption against death row inmates and himself. Thus, giving vivid images of how race and social class can play a big part in the fates of people in America. After reading Just Mercy, it has given me a validation of what I’ve already known about the justice system against African-Americans especially in the South, with prior knowledge of accounts about black Americans and the deep bigotry against them. In which, my race plays an immense part of cruelly punishing black Americans without further consideration of the circumstances that led to the crime
The crime was committed by a man named Derek Vinyard, a white supremacist. He murdered two black gang members after they attempted to steal his truck. If we look closely at the case of Derek Vinyard, we can see that the crime he committed weren’t just a spur-of-the moment thought of killing someone. The actions were rooted deep into his past, wherein his experiences have shaped him into the person that he was today. Certain aspects of his past have influenced his actions, including his environment, the companions that he keeps, his experiences, and a lot
We 're a organization of Caucasian men decide to go another persons house, which is located on a farm. Then they proceed to ignite the barn full of animals, burning them alive. Afterwards the young men hung the African American man from a tree preceding to the barn. I’m ultimately astonished that a person could be this violent to another person much