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Structural Design

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Literature review The design process of any structural planning or design requires not only conceptual thinking and imagination but also sound of knowledge of science in structural engineering besides the knowledge of practical aspects, such as design codes, by laws, backed up by sample experience, judgment and intuition. The purpose of using the designing standards is to enhance and ensure the safety, keeping careful balance between safety and economy. According to Leet and Uag (2003), the structure to be constructed should primarily serve the basic purpose for which it is to be used and must have a pleasing look. The building has to provide a happy environment inside as well as outside. Therefore, the functional planning of building must …show more content…

The limit state method involves applying partial factors of safety, both to the loads and to the material strengths. The magnitude of the factors may be varied so that they may be used either with the plastic conditions in the ultimate state or with the more elastic stress range in the working loads. The two principal types of limit state are the ultimate limit state and the serviceability limit state. The relative importance of each limit state will vary according to the nature of the structure (Hibbler, …show more content…

For an existing structural evaluation, structures shall be modeled as close to the actual as-built structural conditions as possible. The correct choice of modeling and analysis tools/methods depends on importance of the structure, purpose of structural analysis, required level of response accuracy. According to Negi and Jangid (2003), to carry out an analysis and design of a member, it is necessary to have knowledge of the relationship between the stresses and strains of the materials used in the member. This knowledge is particularly important when dealing with reinforced concrete, which is a composite material. In this case, the analysis of the stresses on a cross section of a member must consider the equilibrium of the forces in the concrete and steel, and also the compatibility of the strains across the cross-section (Nawy,

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