Structural Functionalist Theory And Conflict Theory

During that time, African Americans were not entirely free with all of their desired rights, as they still did not have complete political, economic, and social rights. Back then, African Americans did not have wholesome political rights. According to document A which shows the voting and jury rights of blacks in the north of 1860, only a few states, the New England states, had rights to suffrage. And this was only the male population of the New England region. And of that region, only one state, Massachusetts had jury rights, and that was only gained in 1860.

Both cases were taken to the United States Supreme Court and was decided by the nine justices. Having this segregation caused fights, disagreements, and more cases brought into court because if race, but it was the start of a new world. The case of Plessy versus Ferguson started around the 1890s when the Separate Car Act statute was passed in Louisiana. This act stated that any companies carrying people in Louisiana must have separate but equal areas for the whites and blacks. Homer Plessy, in 1992, was one-eight black and purchased a ticket for first class and, sat in the white only area.

4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States from 1882-1968, of these people that were lynched, 3,446 were black. Lynching is a tragedy of our Nation’s past time, although tempting to try and erase it from the history books, it must be remembered to attempt to prevent such injustices from happening again. In Ida B. Wells’ speech, “Lynch Law in America.” Ida B. Wells talks about the discrimination and horrendous crimes black people face due to racist white men and a corrupt justice system. The laws created to protect the African Americans; 14th and 15th amendment was ignored, or loopholes were being used to justify the mainly Southerner’s actions.

Slavery in America began in the early 16th century, and lasted through the late 19th century. There were many people that believed that slavery was tolerable, and there were others that believed that it was an unacceptable cause. One of the many abolitionist of slavery, Frederick Douglass, wrote and delivered The Hypocrisy of American Slavery Speech on July 4, 1852 to a assemblage of other abolitionists. In Douglass’ speech, he attempts to display that slaves are human beings and should be treated as such. He establishes a sympathetic tone to grasp the attention of the people who are allowing slavery to continue happening.

Up until the 19th century, people were segregated into separate groups based upon race, color, or religion. Throughout the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Jim acquired a unique relationship with Huck. He took it upon himself to get to know Jim better as they sailed along the Mississippi River. At this time if one was caught associating with a black slave it was greatly frowned upon. Before the 19th century, whites were considered superior, and personal experiences changed their views on minorities; seeing the kindness in people over power.

Meredith Jr, an African American Air Force veteran, was denied admission to the “Ole Miss” which is the University of Mississippi. He tried registering four times without success. Meredith got legal add from the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and fought his case and the Supreme Court found in his favor. Long telephone conversations between the Attorney General, President Kennedy and Governor Ross Barnett failed to produce an answer. When federal marshals convoyed Meredith to campus in another attempt to register for classes, rioting erupted which led to death of two people and injuries to dozens.

This song is about the lynching that has occurred from 1889 and 1960 in America. Lynching is an execution committed by a group of people without a fair trial and without leaving to the accused the possibility of defending itself. Lynching’s victims are most of the time black people living in the south. After the abolition of slavery in 1865, racism is still deeply anchored in America.

Black Codes were laws created by white southerners. They were intended to restrict freed blacks’ activity and guarantee their availability as a labor force now that slavery had been abolished. In the spring of the year 1868, Andrew Johnson became the first president to be impeached. Impeachment is a process through which an official is removed from office due to unlawful activity.

Abraham Lincoln died for civil rights when slavery was abolished when he signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1865, but still African-Americans were being discriminated and segregated form the whites. True equality was not shown until The Civil Rights Act of 1965 that desegregated schools, restaurants, and other locations in America was signed gave African-Americans a chance at true freedom and equality which is what America is supposed to mean. For 100 years the battle for civil rights was fought and came true, it took a nation to be divide to go to war with each other. It also started a huge movement in America in the 1960s that revolutionized a country and changed it forever. King believed in this change and was able to lead a movement and succeed with it.

School bus transportation was not available for black schoolchildren in the South, and black education was always underfunded due to the lack of attention on the black schools. Parks recalled going to elementary school in Pine Level, where school

On June 2 1865 the United States entered into its bloodiest battle it had ever gotten into since the founding of the country. Over 600,000 people died in battle and all over the issue of slavery. When the civil war was over many thought that slavery had ended and that black people would get the freedom that had been wanting. Although the civil war had ended, white southerners kept African Americans as slaves under new laws passed called Black Codes. After the civil war, African Americans wanted more rights and more freedom.

The Mississippi’s black codes laws initially did replicate slavery, which of course is oppose to the Civil Rights. Documentation states, that African American were forbidden to use insulting gestures, nor could they own a gun nor preach the Gospel without first receiving a license. Children of color were then forced as “apprentices” until the age of eighteen. Furthermore, the “Address of the Colored Convention to the People of Alabama” shows the suffering and sacrifices, tramped upon the rights, and lack of trust in the Union for the African American’s future. They are anything but convinced that the right granted would be carried out.

Very soon after Lincoln died, and his Vice President Andrew Johnson was placed into presidency. The summer of 1865, Johnson focused on another plan for reconstruction without help and opinions from Congress. When Johnson invited people to read his course of action for reconstruction, he was the laugh of the South, and many state governments began to evade the laws. Thus, created Black Codes, which gave White Southerner 's supremacy to newly freed slaves.

The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party was founded in 1963 to counter the Mississippi Democratic Party which only allowed participation by whites. The party was developed during the Freedom Summer Hamer and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, of which Hamer was the vice-chair. In 1964, 40 percent of the population was black, yet they were not allowed to participate in the political system (Bramlett-Solomon 1991, 515). The party registered 60, 000 black voters in the state of Mississippi and after that effort party delegates were sent to the 1964 Democratic Convention.

Black activism rose greatly during the Reconstruction. Before the dreadful Civil war, African Americans could vote in only the higher Northern states, because of segregation Sadly, they had no office holders. Because of this, many blacks organized Equal Rights Leagues throughout the South, during the first two years of the Reconstruction. Regulating the lives of freed people, the Congress created “black codes”. Black activism grew a lot!