In “Charlene Teters (Spokane) Asks ‘Whose History Do We Celebrate?’ 1998” the main author is Charlene Teters. The authors main purpose in writing this article is to raise awareness on the lack of education of Native American history and gives examples from his past. The article is written in the being of the year 1998 and is dated due to the anonymous letter being quoted at the beginning. The events taken place in New Mexico is what brought Charlene Teters attention to writing this article. Charlene Teters writes, “One of many brutal truths selectively omitted from most history books is this: in 1599, Oñate attacked Acoma Pueblo in retaliation for the death of his nephew, ordering that the right feet of all men in the pueblo above the age of 25 be chopped off” (492). There is no surprise once a …show more content…
The manner in which it is presented has the ability to inspire or deflate, to move nations to love, joy, anger, or hatred” (Teters 492). He also explains that this country knows nothing about the history of the Native American people nor any ethnic group that was indigenous before colonization. He uses examples from his public education, “I remember trying to become invisible as teachers told stories of brave settlers, untamed lands, and savage, uncivilized Indians. Washington State history simply did not include American Indian history” (Teters 492). This shows that schools are white-washing history and are not teaching what really happened. In his eyes, they are still teaching their ideology of colonization and oppressing the Native American people. This ideology also reflects in the words they use to dehumanize Native American people. He then states, “All across the United States, bronze statues, monuments, and murals celebrate conquests and commemorate the fulfillment of Manifest Destiny” (Teters 493). This statement reflects his main purpose and builds off it; it confirms the ignorance of the Native American people and their
After reading Native Americans and the “Middle Ground,” I realized how narratives of historians are quick to shame and blame Native Americans in history. This article begins by revealing how European settlement presented the Indians as obstacles. Recent historians, such as Gary Nash, show the Native Americans as being conquered by the Europeans. Author of The Middle Ground, Richard White, seems to be one of the first to examine the culture of Native Americans and the relationship between colonists. White writes about the “middle ground” of the politics and trade that is eventually established.
To coincide with Jackson’s fears and inability to trust the Indians, Remini provides an excerpt of a speech delivered by Shawnee Chief Tecumseh to the Creek Indian tribe in 1811 (Remini, p.1). Remini quotes the Indian chief saying, “Burn their dwellings-destroy their stock-slay their wives and children that the very breed may perish” (p.1). Hence, it is evident that the Indians aimed at dealing with the whites in a ruthless manner, a fact that warrants the United States’
“I always see America as really belonging to the Native Americans. Even though I’m American, I still feel like a visitor in my country” (Nicolas Cage). Throughout US history, Native Americans who have lived longer in America than many Americans do not truly adhere the same rights as Americans. During the 19th century, for example, a group known as the Plains Indians inhabited the Great Plains but were soon deprived of it by US settlers. When the government agreed on the Treaty of Fort Laramie, which was the first treaty between the government and the Plains Indians to recognize that the Indians owned the Great Plains, it was ignored when gold was discovered in 1858.
My most valuable secondary sources, which most helped me understand the chronology of events relating to my topic, have been Bosque Redondo and The Long Walk, both written by Lynn R. Bailey. I’ve attempted to divide my primary sources into Navajo and Anglo-American accounts of events, with many Navajo histories having been passed down orally over generations. The letters of James H. Carleton have presented valuable insight into the intentions of overseer of the events detailed in my paper, while transcriptions of testimony by Navajo Chiefs have aided me with insight regarding the outlook of Navajo leadership. The compilation of oral stories which have been passed down in Oral History Stories of the Long Walk has presented me with a great deal of how members of the Navajo (at the time of the book’s recording) remember the Long Walk and Bosque Redondo, granting insight into how those events live in Navajo
In one of Jackson’s first speeches he says, “Our conduct toward these people is deeply interesting to our national character”(“First Annual Address”). In this particular statement, he is persuading his audience to think that America has “national character”, that we will treat the Indians according… (“First Annual
“1491” Questions 1. Two scholars, Erikson and William Balée believe that almost all aspects of Native American life have been perceived wrong. Although some refuse to believe this, it has been proven to be the truth. Throughout Charles C. Mann’s article from The Atlantic, “1491”, he discusses three main points: how many things that are viewed as facts about the natives are actually not true, the dispute between the high and low counters, and the importance of the role disease played in the history of the Americas. When the term “Native American” is heard, the average person tends to often relate that to a savage hunter who tries to minimize their impact on their surrounding environment.
The late 19th century, a period including Reconstruction, the Industrial Era, and “manifest destiny,” was marked by the freeing of slaves, imperialism, immense economic growth, and the rise of big businesses. (pg. 579, pg. 619, pg. 625, pg. 630)
Adam Sorenson Prof. Riggs COMP 01112 2/12/18 Misrepresentation of Native Americans Native American’s for many years now have been viewed as lone warriors or squaw, some people don’t even know that they still exist! People just think of the Native American people in storybook tales and nothing more then that. The Native Americans have been living in the United States for awhile now and were the first ones on the country’s soil. They were here way before Christopher Columbus and the other European Colonists even discovered America and they are still present in the U.S.
of schedule Spanish conquistadors, numerous evangelists considered themselves to be siding empathetically and defensively with the indigenous people groups. In 1537, Pope Paul III pronounced that Indians were not mammoths to be slaughtered or oppressed, but rather people with souls fit for salvation. At the time, this was comprehended to be an edified perspective of indigenous individuals, and one that good natured teachers tried to empower. Letters from ministers who lived among the Indians give us a feeling of the worries numerous held for the welfare of tribal people groups. A letter by Franciscan monk Juan de Escalona reprimands the "shocks against the Indians" conferred by a Spanish legislative head of what is presently New Mexico.
Throughout history, there have been many literary studies that focused on the culture and traditions of Native Americans. Native writers have worked painstakingly on tribal histories, and their works have made us realize that we have not learned the full story of the Native American tribes. Deborah Miranda has written a collective tribal memoir, “Bad Indians”, drawing on ancestral memory that revealed aspects of an indigenous worldview and contributed to update our understanding of the mission system, settler colonialism and histories of American Indians about how they underwent cruel violence and exploitation. Her memoir successfully addressed past grievances of colonialism and also recognized and honored indigenous knowledge and identity.
While Chief Tecumseh and Chief Seattle come from different tribes, they both voice their fears and beliefs about the treatment they have suffered from the U.S. government. According to Chief Tecumseh “The way, the only way to stop this evil, is for the red people to unite in claiming a common and equal right in the land, as it was at first, and should be now -- for it was never divided, but belongs to all.” He uses ethos to convince people of his credibility to make them believe this will be the answer to end all this. He use ethos during “The way, the only way to stop this evil” making it seem as this must be the only way to peace. While Chief Tecumseh is trying to convince General William Henry Harrison throughout the whole speech to have
Petalesharo’s writing reflected the treatment of Native Americans during the 1800s. Being a Native American himself, Petalesharo was able to give perspective on a point in history typically viewed from a white man’s opinion. The excerpt “Petalesharo” explains how the Native American was able “to prevent young women captured by other tribes from being sacrificed”, making Petalesharo well liked by the Americans (588). Petalesharo gave the “Speech of the Pawnee Chief” infront of Americans to convey the differences between Native Americans and Americans through emotion, logic, and credibility, which showed how the two groups will never be the same, but still can coexist in the world together.
“Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress”, chapter one of “A People’s History of the United States”, written by professor and historian Howard Zinn, concentrates on a different perspective of major events in American history. It begins with the native Bahamian tribe of Arawaks welcoming the Spanish to their shores with gifts and kindness, only then for the reader to be disturbed by a log from Columbus himself – “They willingly traded everything they owned… They would make fine servants… With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.” (Zinn pg.1) In the work, Zinn continues explaining the unnecessary evils Columbus and his men committed unto the unsuspecting natives.
In Life Among the Piutes, sarah winnemucca hopkins describes what happens when soldiers came to their reservation based off what white settlers tell the government. The most shocking instance of this happened when Winnemucca encountered a group of soldier who told her the white settlers accused the natives of stealing cattle, “the soldiers rode up to their [meaning the Piute’s] encampment and fired into it, and killed almost all the people that were there… after the soldiers had killed but all bur some little children and babies… the soldiers took them too… and set the camp on fire and threw them into the flames to see them burned alive”(78). This is an abhorrent act that is unthinkable in a functioning society. The natives had done nothing but want to hold some shred of land from the settlers who had taken everything from them and are exterminated like vermin. This was something that stayed hidden from many white settlers because of its barbarism and by exposing it Winnemucca truly educates the reader, past and present, on how natives are
Throughout the 19th century Native Americans were treated far less than respectful by the United States’ government. This was the time when the United States wanted to expand and grow rapidly as a land, and to achieve this goal, the Native Americans were “pushed” westward. It was a memorable and tricky time in the Natives’ history, and the US government made many treatments with the Native Americans, making big changes on the Indian nation. Native Americans wanted to live peacefully with the white men, but the result of treatments and agreements was not quite peaceful. This precedent of mistreatment of minorities began with Andrew Jackson’s indian removal policies to the tribes of Oklahoma (specifically the Cherokee indians) in 1829 because of the lack of respect given to the indians during the removal laws.