Summary Of Foreignization In Wei-Chong
In this paper, I would analyse chapter one of Fortress Besieged, Jeanne Kelly and Nathan K. Mao’s translation of Qian Zhongshu’s novel Wei-cheng. Due to page limits, I will focus on Kelly and Mao’s strategies on translating culture and some problems found in the translation. The translators mainly used foreignization as their approach, while counterexamples are also found as evidences of being inconsistent. Also, it is found that the translators sometimes misinterpret or fail to convey the correct meaning in the target text.
In the first chapter of the translation, there are 27 footnotes and most of them are related to culture specific items which would be categorized and analyzed in the following paragraphs. Also, those footnotes that were not related to Chinese culture would be discussed later in this essay. Firstly, there is a large group of comparatively more cultural-loaded terms or names, such as historical figures, idioms and words or sayings that are related to literature and allusions, translated and footnoted in Fortress Besieged. For example, “蘇東坡” (5:3:1), “孔子” (10:1:15) and “孟子” (10:1:16) are some historical figures mentioned in the text. The
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They are translated as “fate bringing people together from a thousand li away” (6:3:8) and “a blessing in disguise”. In the footnotes, the translators explain the meaning of li by converting it to feet in English measure and provide the literal translation of “塞翁失馬，安知非福”. Using li, but not feet directly in the translation is a foreignizing approach to introduce the unit of measure in China to English readers. Although “a blessing in disguise” is arguably a domestication, the translators preserve the Chinese culture by its footnote. However, just by providing the literal translation, the readers might not understand why an “old frontiersman losing a horse” could be “a blessing in
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