The Rock Springs Massacre, the Watsonville Riots, the Japanese internment camps, and the countless stereotypes are all parts of the degrading legacy paved for Asians in America. Garrett Hongo, a Japanese-American born in Hawaii in 1951, concludes The River of Heaven with “The Legend.” “The Legend” pays tribute to an Asian-American, Jay Kashiwamura, whose unexpected death from an unknown gunman inspired Hongo to write a poem detailing his death with underlying tones of the disregard of minority deaths in American society. “The Legend” accentuates the conflict between American society and the discrimination of Asian-Americans. This emphatic approach on the exile of Asian-Americans resonates throughout Kashiwamura’s death, which Hongo manipulates …show more content…
Lines four and five of the first stanza describe an unnamed man carrying “a wrinkled shopping bag / full of neatly folded clothes” (Hongo 4-5). This juxtaposition of wrinkled and folded dissects the the view of Asian-Americans, the wrinkled, disheveled appearance Americans see of Asians and the reality of the folded, composed individuals. Likewise, lines 13 and 14 in the second stanza detail the facts that the unnamed man exists as either Thai or Vietnamese and dresses as one of the poor, lower class individuals (Hongo 13-14). Superficially portraying the man as one of the two ethnicities and meager, the nonchalant disregard given to the man points to the deep-rooted inferiority and inhumanity linked to Asian-Americans. In addition, “The Legend” describes the killing as a bullet entering “the dumbfounded man / who falls forward, / grabbing at his chest” (Hongo 27-29). The man’s dumfounded demeanor and the bullet itself represent something much larger, the aimless discrimination Asian-Americans face often due to their racial background. Additionally, the end of the poem leaves with a sense of camaraderie towards the man as Hongo wishes that the weaver girl crosses heaven’s bridge and take up his cold hand (Hongo 45-46). Seeming as an finale utilized for an allusion to the writer’s culture, the citation of the cultural figure sends a warm …show more content…
Lines 11 and 12 of the first stanza illustrate the man’s appearance as one with a Rembrandt glow and a last flash of sunset permeating him (Hongo 10-12). The employment of the two details contrast each other in every way, as the Rembrandt glow predicts a happy future while the last flash of sunset foreshadows the man’s inevitable demise, which could be seen as the man’s social and literal demise. Furthermore, The unnamed man’s journey to his car includes the insulting detail of naming the car when he “opens the Fairline’s back door” (Hongo 19). Symbolizing the priorities and pastimes of American society, the inclusion of the Ford Fairlane’s name without the man’s throughout the story centralizes and justifies Hongo’s argument that American society cares more about their own doings than other human beings. Continuing, the man’s death evokes the swarming crowd to gather around him yet hesitate to help or even listen to his last words (Hongo 32-34). This hyperbole of the fact that everything the man says lacks substance to the people stretches to represent the overarching disregard shown to Asians’ pleas for help in America, which Hongo uses to deliberate his larger memorandum without transparency. Moreover, the second-to-last stanza provides the most reflective lines of the
The Japanese immigrants never quite fit in, for they were “of the yellow race” (Takaki 179). And yet, they risked it all and left their home country, their families, and headed to America, like many immigrants before them. Not many found the riches and the opportunities that they were seeking, but there was no going back. They were in America and they had to make the best of what they could; their pride stood in the way of their surrender. America proved to be a much more cruel land than they had ever expected, but Japanese immigrants insisted on coming to America and often bringing their families with them, but why?
Like many children her age, the girl in Julie Otsuka’s novel When the Emperor was Divine had the opportunity to attend a “summer camp.” However, the camps that the girl and her family endured were not like traditional summer getaways but instead state-sponsored prisons designed to keep the populace “safe.” Instead of enjoying the water slides and rope swings that other children her age got to experience, the girl struggled with establishing an identity that fit with the rest of her society. With her use of neutral tone and language, Julie Otsuka explores the creation of the cultural identity that is established by the Japanese-American people as they are confined in Concentration camps designed to keep the nation safe. Pulled from their homes,
The poem has life experiences of a fourteen-year-old girl who is caught between the Japanese and American culture. The young girl claims that she does not know how to use Japanese chopsticks that are symbolic of the Japanese culture. In fact, the girl claims that she understands more the hot dogs as opposed to using chopsticks (Rhea 7). This means that the girl seems to understand the American culture as opposed to her Japanese culture. The girl identifies more with the American culture and thus the issue of American identity.
War Without Mercy “Ultimately, it brought about a revolution in racial consciousness throughout the world that continues to the present day.” (Dower 4). During World War II, besides morbid deaths, racism was one of the ultimate factors which sparked this tragic period of time. With the use of propaganda such as cartoons, films, and several other media induced strategies, the extreme hatred between the Americans and Japanese was increasing.
Every day people risk their lives immigrating to America in pursuit of opportunity, equality, and prosperity. Yet this “American Dream” remains but a dream for many. Non-white immigrants in America are discriminated against, ignored, and often not considered a “true” American. These racial injustices took root long ago, yet are very much alive today. Julie Otsuka’s novel When the Emperor Was Divine*, depicts the harsh reality of Executive Order 9066 (1942) on the interned Japanese Americans during World War II by focusing specifically on one family.
Similarly, David Hwang’s 10-minute play “Trying to Find Chinatown” centers on an encounter between Ronnie, a Chinese-American street musician, and Benjamin, a Caucasian tourist from Wisconsin who identifies himself as Asian-American, in the busy street of New York. In the play, “each character defines who he believes he is: Benjamin is convinced he is a Chinese American, and Ronnie sees
Jamie Ford's Hotel on the Corner of Bitter Sweet is a historical fiction novel that takes place during the Japanese Internment of 1942. It centers n Henry Lee, a Chinese boy living with traditional Chinese parents and trying to grow up as a typical American kid in the U.S. during World War II. When he befriends a Japanese girl in the midst of the conflict, Henry soon discovers that navigating between the borders of cultures comes with many obstacles. The novel is a painful yet beautiful commentary of the racial separation in those times, capturing the struggles of both Japanese and Chinese Americans, along with a small look into African American’s lives as well. It tells the story of the horrible camps through the eyes of a young Chinese boy, which is an interesting perspective.
This paragraph from Kesaya Noda’s autobiographical essay “Growing Up Asian in America” represents the conflict that the author feels between her Japanese ethnicity, and her American nationality. The tension she describes in the opening pages of her essay is between what she looks like and is judged to be (a Japanese woman who faces racial stereotypes) versus what she feels like and understands (life as a United States citizen). This passage signals her connection to Japan; and highlights her American upbringing. At this point in the essay, Noda is unable to envision her identity as unified and she describes her identity as split by race.
The author, Jeanne Wakatsuki, presents a meaningful story filled with experiences that shaped not only her life, but shaped the lives of thousands of Japanese families living in America. The book’s foreword gives us a starting point in which the reader can start to identify why the book was written. “We a told a New York writer friend about the idea. He said: ‘It’s a dead issue. These days you can hardly get people to read about a live issue.
Smith goes on in the fourth stanza to say this is the story of minorities that save themselves standing next to the addicts, exiles, and children of slaves. It is the broken people that are the heroes of this story. A shift is noticeable beginning in the fourth stanza because the poem changes from what the poet wants the movie to be to what elements the movie is prohibited to have. Danez Smith claims he does not want a “hmong sexy hot dude” to save the day with “a funny yet strong, commanding black girl buddy-cop” then uses Will Smith and Sofia Vergara as an example. The preceding lines go on to say there will be grandmas taking out Raptors while sitting on her porch and for once a movie will not obsess over violence, race, and status, only normal people doing amazing
I read the book True Legend by Mike Lupica. To keep a book alive and interesting authors use three different character types. Those character types are static, dynamic, and stereotype. Mike Lupica did a very good job at keeping the reader focused. Drew was the dynamic character because he had some important decisions that had a big impact on what would happen.
Tolerance turned to distrust and irrational fear. The hundred year old tradition of anti-Asian sentiment on the West Coast resurfaced, more vicious than eve. (Houston, p. 15). Three years of wartime propaganda funded racist headlines, atrocity movies, hate slogans, and fright-mask posters turned Japanese faces into something despicable and grotesque. The American Legion and The Native Sons of the Golden West were racist organizations agitating against the West Coast Japanese for decades (Houston, p. 115).
Coming-of- age of Jeanne in Farewell to Manzanar Introduction Farewell to Manzanar, by Jeanne W. Houston and James Houston, published in 1973, is an autobiographical memoir that describes Jeanne 's experiences during World War II when she and her family were imprisoned in a Japanese internment camp after the bombing of Pearl Harbor because they were Japanese-Americans. Jeanne in the book recounts the indignities she and her family faced in the camp and shows how the conditions at the camp created not only physical discomfort but also emotional suffering leading to the disintegration of the family. After revisiting the site of the camp after several years and on retrospection she realizes that today she is a stronger person because of her difficult experiences. In the book, she argues that her experiences during the war and after the war, the prejudices she had to face before and after the war made her
Written works about American Identity are a very common theme amongst writers, including poet Dwight Okita and short-story writer Sandra Cisneros. Dwight Okita is famous for her poem “In Response to Order 9066: All Americans of Japanese Descent Must Report to Relocation Centers,” in which the theme of American identity is portrayed through a 14-year-old girl. In a similar way, Sandra Cisneros’s short story is told by a young girl of Mexican heritage who prefers American culture—in sharp contrast to her deep-rooted Mexican grandmother. Although the overall theme of the two texts is “American Identity,” both Okita's poem and Cisneros's short story delve deeper and portray that cultural heritage and physical appearances do not determine what it
Legend The book Legend by Marie Lu was about a girl and a boy named June and Day. June works for a military and Day lives in a poor sector and is trying to get a cure for a plague that his brother has. In the beginning day tries to raid a local hospital that he thinks has a plague cure.