Barbara Alice Mann, a professor at Toledo University and author of George Washington’s War on Native America, is known for her books on Native American history. However, all of her books should be read with caution, because she only uses one perspective in her books. On allamericanspeakers.com, all of her books listed were about Native Americans, yet all of her books contained the viewpoint of a Native American. Therefore, her books would suggest a biased view towards historical investigations. In George Washington’s War on Native America, Mann listed a few topics she declared no other historians discussed. She claimed George Washington fought Native Americans and not the British in the ‘Old Northwest,’ ordered attacks against Natives, used …show more content…
One misconception she described was the belief European and Native American Warfare were similar. She stated Native American combat was comparable to martial arts, and not fought to the death like Europian warfare. Killing on the battlefield was a waste of life in the eyes of Native Americans. Instead, they would take captives to adopt them into their society. Based on this evidence, it would seem that the Native population was inherently peaceful. However, the way Mann described the colonist’s perspective of the Native Americans were different than what she depicted the way Natives behaved. Colonists would dress up as Native Americans to commit crimes, one example of this was the Boston Tea Party. This further fed the notion Natives were “bloodthirsty savages tomahawking innocent settlers” (p. 15). Mann claimed historians only use the colonist’s perspectives of Native Americans, “leaving modern students unaware of the major settler attacks on civilian populations” of Native Americans (p. 15). Mann believed all of this misconception of history was based on historians unwillingness to cover the material. However, while historians have a bias, it is common practice to exhaust every plausible source to understand better history. Historians become ostracized and lose credibility if they willingly leave out information that would drastically change the narrative of history. Therefore, Mann’s claim that …show more content…
However, they were at war, and she did try to take their perspective on the manner.Based on Mann;s description of Brodhead’s destruction of Native crops and villages, she targeted the emotions of the reader by capitalizing on sympathy for the Native Americans. However, the question was not raised whether the actions of Brodhead was justifiable. Mann conveniently left out the strategy behind Washington’s campaign. Native Americans were allies of the British. If the crops were burnt, they could not be used to supply the British soldiers. Additionally, British resources would need to be allocated to support the Native Americans, instead of aiding the war effort by distributing the supplies throughout the military ranks. Later in the book Mann said how detrimental destroying homes and crops were for the war effort (p.
The novel 1776 by David McCullough tells the story of George Washington and his perseverance through the war, making him a successful general and leader. The novel focuses solely on the year of 1776, the year that America gained its independence. This gives McCullough the opportunity to provide great detail about battles, events, and most importantly, George Washington. The book describes Washington as both a leader and a general because of his great qualities in both areas. In the sections of the book where America is brought up, Washington is always brought up as well.
Alexander Ross’ Account of the Fur Trade In the Pacific Northwest Alexander Ross spent much of his adult life working in the Pacific Northwest in the fur trade for both the Pacific Fur Trade Company and later the Northwest Company. Ross played a pivotal role in the establishment of Fort Astoria at the mouth of the Columbia River for the Pacific Company. After the War of 1812 Ross witnessed the collapse of the Pacific Company and began to work for the Northwest Company where he continued to work for the next three decades. Ross’ account of the first three years with the Pacific Fur Company titled Adventures of the First Settlers on the Columbia River offers a no-nonsense, first hand account of the trials and misfortunes of the first settlers
I believe Erdrich book moves away from stereotypes and describes nineteenth-century Native Americans as individuals with rich traditions and customs. Erdrich is able to describe the Native American culture during the Westward Expansion of the United States in a realistic and sympathetic way through the eyes of an Ojibwa Indian girl. She also personalizes this story with her own drawings as a testimony of her Native American family roots.
The U.S Was Justified in Their Actions Leading up to and During the Nez Perce War. Many people learning about Native Americans believe that the settlers were unfair and cruel to the Native Americans. But what if everything they did was legal, logical, and for the good of the many? What if the Native Americans were the ones who were cruel to the settlers?
Throughout the seventeenth century, conflict between Europeans and Native Americans was rampant and constant. As more and more Europeans migrated to America, violence became increasingly consistent. This seemingly institutionalized pattern of conflict begs a question: Was conflict between Europeans and Native Americans inevitable? Kevin Kenny and Cynthia J. Van Zandt take opposing sides on the issue. Kevin Kenny asserts that William Penn’s vision for cordial relations with local Native Americans was destined for failure due to European colonists’ demands for privately owned land.
“1491” Questions 1. Two scholars, Erikson and William Balée believe that almost all aspects of Native American life have been perceived wrong. Although some refuse to believe this, it has been proven to be the truth. Throughout Charles C. Mann’s article from The Atlantic, “1491”, he discusses three main points: how many things that are viewed as facts about the natives are actually not true, the dispute between the high and low counters, and the importance of the role disease played in the history of the Americas. When the term “Native American” is heard, the average person tends to often relate that to a savage hunter who tries to minimize their impact on their surrounding environment.
The narrative offers an account which can be used to describe the particularly puritan society based on the ideals of Christianity and the European culture. It offers a female perspective of the Native Americans who showed no respect to the other religious groups. The narrator makes serious observation about her captors noting the cultural differences as well as expectations from one another in the society. However, prejudice is evident throughout the text which makes the narratives unreliable in their details besides being written after the event had already happened which means that the narrator had was free to alter the events to create an account that favored her. Nonetheless, the narrative remains factually and historically useful in providing the insights into the tactics used by the Native Americans
The Salem witch trials are an outstanding example of a dysfunction in a “perfect” society. Tituba as part of that society helps us understand the simpleness of a complex shaped idea. Notwithstanding that Tituba is considered irrelevant during the Salem trials, nevertheless Tituba exposes European perceptions of Native Americans as a basis for cultural superiority and oppression, since Tituba is an indisputable symbol of injustice, of an ignominious drama, slavery, racism, as well as the defamation of a culture. The decisions that Tituba made throughout her trial, contributed in a substantial magnitude to the American history that’s known nowadays.
In his search for the expected gold, Columbus first encounters the Arawaks who he describes as remarkable for their hospitality and then decides that they would make fine servants. However, due to the lack of gold, Columbus takes some of them as prisoners to lead them to Cuba, where he built the first European military base. Just as he had reported about the Arawaks, the indians in Cuba as well were naive and offered to share with anyone. Because of these successes, Columbus was later sent off with more ships and men. After learning that there was no more gold to be found, the only resort was to turn the natives into slaves.
Thesis: The English were a prideful group, entangled in ethnocentrism, that caused a condescending and harsh treatment of the Native Americans, while the Native Americans were actually a dynamic and superior society, which led to the resentment and strife between the groups. P1: English view of Native Americans in VA Even though the English were subordinates of the Powhatan, they disrespected him and his chiefdom due to their preconceived beliefs that they were inferior. “Although the Country people are very barbarous, yet have they amongst them such government...that would be counted very civil… [by having] a Monarchical government” (Smith 22). John Smith acknowledges the “very civil” government of the Natives but still disrespected them by calling them “very barbarous,” which
Throughout history, there have been many literary studies that focused on the culture and traditions of Native Americans. Native writers have worked painstakingly on tribal histories, and their works have made us realize that we have not learned the full story of the Native American tribes. Deborah Miranda has written a collective tribal memoir, “Bad Indians”, drawing on ancestral memory that revealed aspects of an indigenous worldview and contributed to update our understanding of the mission system, settler colonialism and histories of American Indians about how they underwent cruel violence and exploitation. Her memoir successfully addressed past grievances of colonialism and also recognized and honored indigenous knowledge and identity.
Science journalist, Charles C. Mann, had successfully achieved his argumentative purpose about the “Coming of Age in the Dawnland.” Mann’s overall purpose of writing this argumentative was to show readers that there’s more to than just being called or being stereotyped as a savage- a cynical being. These beings are stereotyped into being called Indians, or Native Americans (as they are shorthand names), but they would rather be identified by their own tribe name. Charles Mann had talked about only one person in general but others as well without naming them. Mann had talked about an Indian named Tisquantum, but he, himself, does not want to be recognized as one; to be more recognized as the “first and foremost as a citizen of Patuxet,”(Mann 24).
Petalesharo’s writing reflected the treatment of Native Americans during the 1800s. Being a Native American himself, Petalesharo was able to give perspective on a point in history typically viewed from a white man’s opinion. The excerpt “Petalesharo” explains how the Native American was able “to prevent young women captured by other tribes from being sacrificed”, making Petalesharo well liked by the Americans (588). Petalesharo gave the “Speech of the Pawnee Chief” infront of Americans to convey the differences between Native Americans and Americans through emotion, logic, and credibility, which showed how the two groups will never be the same, but still can coexist in the world together.
“Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress”, chapter one of “A People’s History of the United States”, written by professor and historian Howard Zinn, concentrates on a different perspective of major events in American history. It begins with the native Bahamian tribe of Arawaks welcoming the Spanish to their shores with gifts and kindness, only then for the reader to be disturbed by a log from Columbus himself – “They willingly traded everything they owned… They would make fine servants… With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.” (Zinn pg.1) In the work, Zinn continues explaining the unnecessary evils Columbus and his men committed unto the unsuspecting natives.
In Life Among the Piutes, sarah winnemucca hopkins describes what happens when soldiers came to their reservation based off what white settlers tell the government. The most shocking instance of this happened when Winnemucca encountered a group of soldier who told her the white settlers accused the natives of stealing cattle, “the soldiers rode up to their [meaning the Piute’s] encampment and fired into it, and killed almost all the people that were there… after the soldiers had killed but all bur some little children and babies… the soldiers took them too… and set the camp on fire and threw them into the flames to see them burned alive”(78). This is an abhorrent act that is unthinkable in a functioning society. The natives had done nothing but want to hold some shred of land from the settlers who had taken everything from them and are exterminated like vermin. This was something that stayed hidden from many white settlers because of its barbarism and by exposing it Winnemucca truly educates the reader, past and present, on how natives are