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Summary: The Modern Federal Court System

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The modern federal court system was established with the Articles of Confederation in 1777. This court system had little or no power and was replaced, with the establishment of the U.S. Constitution and Article III which created the U.S. Supreme Court. In 1789, the Judiciary Act of 1789 created the lower federal courts. ?In 1803, Marbury v. Madison, established the modern day check and balances by the court systems, judicial review. Meaning, that the Supreme Court holds the right to review any case in the land and their ruling on the case is the supreme letter of the land. This means that whatever the final ruling that the Supreme Court Justices hand down, sets the precedence for any and all court cases that fall under the same circumstances.

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