Kahle And Gurel-Atay: Sustainable Development
I. Introduction
Kahle & Gurel-Atay, (2013) explain sustainability as the practice of retaining processes of productivity either natural or human-made by replacing used resources with resources of identical or greater value without degrading or endangering natural systems. The concept of sustainable development (SD) dates back to the ideas about sustainable forest management – management of forests, which were developed in Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This management focused on preserving the balance between the three main pillars, also known as triple-bottom-line (TBL): ecological, economic and social, framework proposed by the economist Rene Passet in 1979. Later on, a fourth pillar was included by some authors – culture,
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Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals could create at least $12 trillion in business value by 2030 and generate up to 380 million jobs (Commision, 2017). The concept of a circular economy (CE) pointed out the way the traditional open-ended economy is structured and built – take, make, dispose, and the following consequences, staying negligent to the usage of waste and recycled materials (Pearce, 1989). The concept of the linear economy consists of raw materials, production, distribution channel, consumption and ends with waste, disposal. On the other side, the circular economy, shown in the figure below, is a closed-loop process – by eliminating waste, value is created. What’s more, the circular economy integrates the economy and the system of waste management, where the products are designed for a cycle of disassembly and …show more content…
This Directive 2008/98/EC incorporates provisions on hazardous waste and waste oils and sets two new recycling and recovery targets by 2020: 1) certain waste materials from households and other alike to be 50% prepared for re-use and recycling; 2) 70% preparing waste for re-use, recycling and other
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