According to Carney (1998), assets are considered to be stocks of different types of capital that can be used as means of livelihoods. These livelihoods assets, sometimes referred to as capital, can contribute immensely to significant amount of output now for better livelihoods status, and also can be depleted as a consequence of lack of knowledge on usage or other human-induced activities. On the other hand, capital may be positive influence now and in the future for productive activities. Based on the five types of capital as identified by the sustainable livelihood framework created by Carney (1998): • Natural capital: This consists of land, water, and biological resources such as fish species and other aquatic resources. The SLA’s natural …show more content…
• Physical capital: This includes infrastructure, on a household level - fishers’ boats, house, and other forms physical personal belongings and also on a community level – schools, clinics, communication systems, roads, irrigation and sewage systems, electricity, housing, etc. • Financial capital: This consists of physical cash, insurances, or other savings in liquid form. However, financial capital does not include financial assets as in worth of property, worth of livestock, etc. Any income or worth assumed other than physical cash or in some other liquid forms (i.e. checks) may be considered as natural capital. Financial capital includes income levels, financial savings, access to credit, debt levels, etc. iii) The Integrated Conceptual Framework: Strategy and Application The framework adopted for the analysis of sustainable livelihoods approach for this study is a re-modification of the DFID’s SLA framework as shown in shown Figure 2 below. It is an integrated approach which …show more content…
In order to do this, household or community combines FIVE types of capital as mentioned above; physical, natural, financial, human and social. Fisher folks’ access to these Capitals will thus show how successful people are in developing sustainable livelihood strategies. There will also be question asked as to “How do you assess your access to each type of capital” which will be noted down on a Likert Scale. For instance, a) easy access, b) fair access, c) moderate access, d) little access, and e) no access. As part of this study’s aim; to develop and recommend more effective adaptive strategies for small scale fishers to cope with climate change impacts, the study will develop an Index of Access to Livelihood Capitals and then, a comparison will be made between the Access Index with the Success Index (how happy fishers folks are about the strategy adopted). This strategy may reveal whether the two indices are correlated (using inferential
Each of these methods can be easily used and are important because they can be used classify IDPS
3.5 Dealing with outliers The graphical representations of data made possible by visualization can communicate trends and outliers much faster than tables
The capital business sector is the business sector for securities, where organizations and the legislature can raise long haul stores. The capital business sector incorporates the stock exchange what 's more, the security market. Money related controllers, for example, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, direct the capital markets in their individual nations to guarantee that financial specialists are ensured against extortion. The capital markets comprise of the essential business sector, where new issues are appropriate to financial specialists, and the optional business sector, where existing securities are exchanged. (n.d.).
In the next two paragraphs, I will show you the relationship
In chapter 8, the core economic principle that displays itself often is The Consequences of Choices Lie in the Future. This principle presents the idea that what we are doing in today’s economy will have an impact on the future. Whether it is decisions on cutting benefits or raising taxes, any of these could cripple our futures economy. In the chapter, it discusses the fiscal policy and how it saved America’s economy after the depression. By monitoring the nation 's spending budget and taxes, so another depression or a recession does not occur.
It is evident that young people’s experiences in second level education is moulded by the various capital forms. Bourdieu highlights four different types of capital- economic capital, cultural capital, social capital and symbolic capital. Cultural capital, social capital and emotional capital will be discussed in detail throughout this essay. Although Bourdieu doesn’t mention emotional capital he gives us a clear understanding of the other forms of capital and how they are interlinked. Bourdieu contemplates a process which one form of capital can be transformed into another’ (Bourdieu, 1986).
In the case study, I would like to use several theories and concepts to analysis the case of Susan. I would briefly analysis the case by using social ecological theory and analysis in detail by using the relevant theories. According to the social ecological theory, the child development is supported by five subsystems, including the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem and chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). Microsystem is related to the child has direct interaction with, including classmates and parents.
The agency of European Environment (EEA) had described the indicators as: parameters or value which derived from the parameters describe the environment situation and its impact to the human beings, material and ecosystem, the pressure on environment, driving forces and responses which steer that system. An indicators that have been selected The effect on the surround environment by social, ecological, economic, etc. called sustainability. Sustainability makes the people to be able to reduce/control the effects on planet, save resources, save money, protect plants, lands, animals and humans.
Richelle Fey Caasi March 05, 2016 EN110 What Creates Wealth In today’s society, wealth is a large definition to different people. The official meaning of “wealth” in Marriam-Webster’s Dictionary define it as an abundance of valuable possessions or money. In other words, wealth means living in a mansion, owning a Ferrari, or having loads of money in your bank account.
In defining social vulnerability, the terms are different than vulnerability being applied to built systems but instead refers to potential harm to people. This means certain types of people or groups of people, whose ability to manage and recover is lessor than other portions of the population. Core elements for assessing social vulnerability must first be divided into resources and characteristics influenced by socioeconomic status, environmental and types of infrastructure within the community. Using these categories social vulnerability can be linked to levels of risk and resiliency among populations. Furthermore, measures for social inadequacies are shaped by social status, ethnicity, and gender which happened to be the makeup of many of the communities effected by Hurricane Katrina.
Literature Review: Theoretical Approaches, Empirical Studies, Analytical Concepts and Legal Frameworks Theoretical Approaches towards food security With respect to the theoretical approaches to food security, there are three theories developed in 1970s and 1980s as cause to food insecurity. The first one is Climate theory; this theory explains food insecurity as caused by climatic phenomena. Cox, related this theory with the concept of “famine belt” in which he directly links climate condition to food insecurity. This theory argued that in the national or local level, climate linked phenomena such as drought, floods and others are a major factor causing food insecurity (Cox, 1981, cited in Steven Engler,
The Single Index Model also greatly reduces the computations, since it eliminates the need to calculate the covariance of the securities within a portfolio using historical returns and the covariance of each possible pair of securities in the portfolio. With this equation, only the betas of the individual securities and the market variance need to be estimated to calculate covariance. Hence, the index model greatly reduces the number of calculations that would otherwise have to be made for a large portfolio of thousands of
Sustainable development is a model that aims to link the idea of what is to be sustained, with what is to be developed, and focuses on three pillars, economics, social and environmental (Kates, Parris, and Leiserowitz, 2005; pp. 3). As a holistic approach it seeks to develop the three pillars, on a local, regional and global level. This paper will analyse the concept of sustainable development and the strengths and weaknesses of this approach will be discussed. Firstly, a background of this model will be presented, which will explore the three pillars. Secondly, the strengths and weaknesses will be evaluated, and lastly, a brief contrast will be provided of the opinions of sustainable development between the Global North and Global South.
And one of the old solutions for this concern is to increase number of cultivation lands and exploit new fish stocks. But the competition for land from other human activities makes this an increasingly unlikely and costly solution .for example food producers are experiencing grater rivalry for land, water energy and the need to curb the many negative effects of food production on the environment becoming increasingly clear (Tilman et al. ,2001;
EIAs promote the development that is sustainable and maximizes the usage of resources and management opportunities (Glasson, 1999). EIA is recognized internationally as an imperative tool to be used in guiding individuals on the path to sustainable development. Therefore, a crucial purpose of an EIA is to promote environmentally sound and sustainable development through the identification of appropriate enhancement and mitigation measures (UNEP, 2002). EIA has to ensure that development proposals do not challenge critical resources and ecological functions, welfare, lifestyle and livelihood of the communities and people who depend on them (UNEP,