Natural and synthetic polymers and their sources There are two different types of polymers know synthetic and natural. Synthetic polymers are obtained from petroleum oil and are made by scientists and engineers. Examples of synthetic polymers include nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, and epoxy. However Natural polymers are nature made which can be extracted. They are mostly water-based.
Polymer is large molecule formed from the merger of many small molecules known as monomer. The word polymer is derived from the Greek word Poly, which means “many” and Mer, which means “parts”. There are 2 types of polymer: natural polymer and synthetic polymer. The history of natural polymer goes back as long as man has been using wood, which composed of cellulose. Natural polymers exist in nature and can be extracted.
(n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2016, from http://www.slideshare.net/ ripestone_ho/polymers-and-their-properties INTERESTING facts about Isotactic Polypropylene Polypropylene is a versatile thermoplastic polymer. It can be moulded into different shapes and sizes and hence, can be put to many uses (material used to make chairs, containers, tools etc.) It is hard but flexible. (semi-rigid) It is lightweight!
6. POLYESTERAMIDES Introduction: -Structure of Polyesteramides- Polyesteramides are group of biodegradable polymer that covers both specialties in the biomedical field and commodity applications. These polymers have amide and ester groups on their chemical structure which give good thermal and mechanical properties. Polyesteramides are polymers with hydrolysable backbones which able to biodegrade under particular conditions. Strong hydrogen bonding interactions between amide groups back up some typical weakness of aliphatic polyester.
The reason plastic is used in many products is because it can withstand up to tons of pressure per cm3, is cheap, is durable, and finally, there is no worry for discoloring. But these days, plastic is becoming a major problem the world has to deal with. Plastic is thrown into the ocean, and it is breaking down into very small pieces, and killing marine life, as they mistake those pieces to their prey. As a matter of fact, nearly all plastics are recyclable, but it 's the recycling companies ' machines that refuse to recycle that kind of plastic(eartheasy.com). I.
As the polyester is a synthetic fibre, it is generally produced from petroleum resources, which are carbon-intensive non-renewable resource. Polyesters are generally polymers where the monomers are linked to one another by means of ester groups. Some of the naturally occurring polyesters are shellac, cutin, and poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and synthetic polyesters are poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS),poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Based on the main chain chemical composition, polyesters are classified as aliphatic, semi-aromatic and aromatic polyesters. Aliphatic polyesters are generally sustainable as they are mostly produced from the biomass feed stocks (Amass et al 1998; Sousa et al 2015).
In controlled drug release applications, etc. Intrinsically Conducting Polymers • Polymer consisting of alternating single and double bonds is called conjugated double bonds. • In conjugation, the bonds between the carbon atoms are alternately single and double. Every bond contains a localised “sigma” (σ) bond which forms a strong chemical bond. • In addition, every double bond also contains a less strongly localised “pi” (π) bond which is weaker.
The primary use of polyethylene is in plastic films for packaging and all kind of bags. Ethylene oxide is a raw material in the manufacturing of polyesters, ethylene glycols, surfactants and detergents. The production of Ethylene has been dominated by the steam cracking process with a worldwide production of ~146 million tonnes per
All common polyesters are thermoplastics (Rosato, L. et al. 2004).According to the composition of their main chain; polyesters can be classified as shown in table 1. 1.1. 1. Aliphatic polyesters Aliphatic polyesters are the most widely biodegradable polymers that used in environmental and biomedical fields.
Plastic is a material consisting of organics that may be synthetic or semi synthetic and are malleable so can be molded into solid objects of different shapes. The organics are polymers of high molecular mas although they sometimes contain other substances.. In most cases, plastics are synthetic and are commonly derived from petrochemicals though some are partially natural depending on intended usage. (American Chemistry Council). The plastics industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world with global plastic production reaching 285 Million tonnes in 2014 (Kellen, 2014).