Nature Of Order In World Politics Summary

Review
Hedley Bull - one of the prominent scholars of international relations in 20th century- worked on international relations at the Australian National University, London School of Economics and University of Oxford until his death (1985). His book- the anarchical society- was published in 1977 dealt with study of order in world politics. As he emphasized at the beginning of book, with this book he sought to illustrate systematic view of international society and order nor giving normative statements to form it. Here I am going to focus on part 1 that argued about the “nature of order in world politics”.
Firstly, in order to make imaginable the conception of order in world politics Hedley defined what order mean in social life and then moved from it towards order in international and world levels. Order almost is understood as regularity or good disposition in social life. However, according to his claims the order is not “a good disposition of discrepant parts, each in fittest place” as Augustine described, but is pattern of activity that sustains elementary, primary, universal goals of society. What he mean by

He criticized the Hobbes state of nature from many points, but here, I am going to speak the strongest one (for me) among them which rigorously claim that the analogy of individual beings is not fully true in relation to state. “States are not vulnerable to violent attack to the same degree that individuals are” has been written in page 47. For clarification, he claimed that the violent attack can end with sudden death, and disappearance for individual, but for states it cannot –then for support turned to Clausewitz view “‘war is never absolute in its results’ and that defeat in it may be ‘ a passing evil which can be remedied’ ” (p 48). I found also counter critics of Hedley logical in response to prominent statement of Hobbes- “state of