Herzberg's Five Competitive Strategies

3. The defensive strategy related to decrease the effort of an organization.

5.8 What are the 5 competitive strategies according to Porter? Explain each briefly.

1. Cost-leadership: keep cost and low prices to below of competitors and focus on wide markets.

2. Differentiation: provide unique and superior and focus on wide markets.

3. Cost-focus: keep cost and low prices and focus on narrow markets.

4. Focused-differentiation: provide unique and superior value and focus on narrow markets.

5.9 What is the “Blue Ocean Strategy”?

Blue Ocean Strategy is formal situation that concern with a firm creates a new things as new customers and reduces costs. There are 2 ways to create a blue ocean, create new industry and create a blue ocean within a

Reinforcement suggest behaviour with positive will repeated but negative will not repeated.

6.4 Describe Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory and how it can be used in motivating employees.

Herzberg’s two-factor theory related to work satisfaction and dissatisfaction which work satisfaction from motivate factors but work dissatisfaction from hygiene factors.

-Motivate factors (work satisfaction): how make my people satisfied? The things that affect the task content or the reward of performance are achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement and growth.

-Hygiene factors (work dissatisfaction): why are my people dissatisfaction? The things that affect the task content are salary and security, working conditions, interpersonal relationships, company policy, and supervisors.

6.5 What is the Equity theory and how does it work?

Equity theory is form of stimulation that describe about fairness and justice which compare your inputs and outputs with others.

-Inputs (What are you putting into the job?): time, effort, training, experience, intelligence, creativity, seniority, status

-Outputs (What are you getting out of the job?): pay, benefits, praise, reorganization, bonuses, promotions, status

Leadership is the capability to control employee to willingly seek goals of organizational which it influence employee to follow the task and achieve them.

7.2 Name and describe briefly the 5 forces of power

1. Legitimate Power: manager’s formal positions in the organization. This power related to compliance.

2. Reward Power: manager give rewards to their employees such as bonus and praise. This power related to compliance.

3. Coercive Power: manager give punishment to their employees. This power related to resistance.

4. Expert Power: one’s expertise or special knowledge. This power related to commitment.

5. Referent Power: one’s personal attraction such as Obama who are convince followers by their attitude and personality. This power related to commitment.

7.3 What is the difference between Hard and soft influence tactics?

Soft tactics are not compel or friendlier than hard tactics which can be defined 5 tactics, rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, consultation, ingratiation, and personal appeals. But hard tactics are coercive which can be defined 4 tactics, exchange, coalition tactics, pressure, and legitimating tactics.

7.4 Is Leading the same as managing? Explain why or why